Egypt posts 6.1% primary budget surplus for 2023/24

Egypt’s Finance Minister Ahmed Kouchouk speaking at a press conference. Facebook/Egypt Cabinet
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Updated 07 August 2024
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Egypt posts 6.1% primary budget surplus for 2023/24

  • Egypt’s total expenditure amounted to $61.3 billion, with a budget deficit of 3.6%

RIYADH: Egypt achieved a primary budget surplus of 6.1 percent in the fiscal year 2023/24, bolstered by a landmark sale of coastal land to the UAE, said the country’s finance minister. 

At a press conference, Ahmed Kouchouk disclosed that Egypt’s total expenditure amounted to 3.016 trillion Egyptian pounds ($61.3 billion), with a budget deficit of 3.6 percent. 

In February, the UAE, through a consortium led by Abu Dhabi’s sovereign wealth fund ADQ, signed an agreement to invest $35 billion in Ras El-Hekma, a Mediterranean region 350 km northwest of Cairo. This deal represents the largest foreign direct investment in Egypt’s history. 

The minister highlighted that no new taxes were imposed last year, and tax revenues increased by 30 percent year on year for the financial year 2023/24. 

This aligns with the International Monetary Fund’s objective for Egypt to boost tax revenue in its 2025/26 budget. 

“The priority is to improve services for citizens as much as we can and we work with all our efforts so that what is coming will be better,” Kouchouk said. 

“The Egyptian people are the real owners of the budget, and we will also work hard to maximize resources to create sufficient financial space for spending on human development areas and everything that matters to citizens,” he added. 

He further explained that despite improvements in budget numbers, they would be ineffective unless they translate into better economic performance, enhanced business competitiveness, and an improved standard of living. 

“The challenges are difficult for the people, the economy, and the government, and the state is trying to bear the greatest burden,” the minister said. 

Kouchouk also noted a 25 percent increase in spending on education, 24 percent on health, and 20 percent on social protection. Allocations for support and social protection have more than doubled since 2020/21 to reach 550 billion pounds, he said. 

“We will rearrange our priorities again so that public spending is more socially conscious in order to contain the impact of economic reforms,” the minister added. 

Kouchouk acknowledged a decline in public investments but said: “We are working hard to increase the volume of private investments with a focus on investments directed to industry and export and we still need more work to increase the private sector’s contributions to economic activity.” 

In April, then-Finance Minister Mohamed Maait noted that Egypt’s economic reforms, aimed at empowering the private sector and attracting investment, had begun to yield positive results despite global and regional economic challenges. 

Financial indicators had surpassed budget estimates and targets over the previous nine months of the fiscal year 2023/2024.

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Saudi-built AI takes on financial crime

Updated 30 January 2026
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Saudi-built AI takes on financial crime

  • Mozn’s FOCAL reflects the Kingdom’s growing fintech ambitions

RIYADH: As financial institutions face increasingly complex threats from fraud and money laundering, technology companies are racing to build systems that can keep pace with evolving risks. 

One such effort is FOCAL, an AI-powered compliance and fraud prevention platform developed by Riyadh-based enterprise artificial intelligence company Mozn.

Founded in 2017, Mozn was established with a focus on building AI technology tailored to regional market needs and regulatory environments. Over time, the company has expanded its reach beyond Saudi Arabia, developing advanced AI solutions used by financial institutions in multiple markets. It has also gained international recognition, including being listed among the World’s Top 250 Fintech Companies for the second consecutive year.

In January 2026, Mozn’s flagship product, FOCAL, was named a Category Leader in Chartis Research’s RiskTech Quadrant 2025 for both AML Transaction Monitoring and KYC (Know Your Customer) Data and Solutions, placing it among 10 companies globally to receive this designation.

Malik Alyousef, co-founder of Mozn and chief technology officer of FOCAL, told Arab News that the platform initially focused on core anti-money laundering functions when development began in 2018. These included customer screening, watchlists, and transaction monitoring to support counter-terrorism financing efforts and the detection of suspicious activity.

As financial crime tactics evolved, the platform expanded into fraud prevention. According to Alyousef, this shift introduced a more proactive model, beginning with device risk analysis and later incorporating tools such as device fingerprinting, behavioral biometrics, and transaction fraud detection.

More recently, FOCAL has moved toward platform convergence through its Financial Crime Intelligence layer, a vendor-neutral framework designed to bring together multiple systems into a single interface for investigation and reporting. The approach allows institutions to gain a consolidated view without replacing their existing technology infrastructure.

“Our architecture eliminates blind spots in financial crime detection. It gives institutions a complete view of the user journey, combining transactional and non-transactional behavioral data,” Alyousef said.

DID YOU KNOW?

• Some electronic money institutions using the platform have reported fraud reductions of up to 90 percent.

• The platform combines anti-money laundering and fraud prevention into a single financial crime intelligence system.

• FOCAL integrates with existing banking systems without requiring institutions to replace their technology stack.

Beyond its underlying architecture, Alyousef pointed to several areas where FOCAL aims to differentiate itself in a competitive market. One is its emphasis on proactive fraud prevention, which assesses risk throughout the customer lifecycle — from onboarding and login behavior to ongoing account activity — with the goal of stopping fraud before losses occur.

He described the platform as an “expert-led model,” highlighting the availability of on-the-ground support for system design, tuning, assessments, and continuous optimization throughout its use.

“FOCAL is designed to be extended,” Alyousef added, noting its adaptability and the ability for clients to customize schemas, rules, and data fields to match their business models and risk tolerance. This flexibility, he said, allows institutions to respond more quickly to emerging fraud patterns.

Alyousef also emphasized the importance of local context in the platform’s development.

“The platform incorporates regional regulatory requirements and language considerations. Global tools often struggle with local context, naming conventions and compliance nuances — we are designed specifically with these realities in mind,” he said.

FOCAL is currently used by a range of organizations, including traditional banks, digital banks, fintech firms, electronic money institutions, payment companies, and other financial service providers. Alyousef said results from live deployments have been significant, with some large EMI clients reporting fraud reductions of up to 90 percent.

“Clients benefit not only from reduced fraud losses but also from an improved customer experience, as the system minimizes unnecessary friction and false rejections,” he said. “Beyond financial services, we also work with organizations in e-commerce and telecommunications.”

Looking ahead, Alyousef said the company sees agentic AI as a key direction for the future of financial crime prevention, both in the region and globally. Mozn, he added, is investing heavily in this area to enhance investigative workflows and operational efficiency, building on the capabilities of its Financial Crime Intelligence layer.

“We are pioneers in introducing agentic AI for financial crime investigation and rule-building. Our roadmap increasingly emphasizes automation, advanced machine learning and AI-assisted workflows to improve investigator productivity and reduce false positives.”

As AI tools become more widely available, Alyousef warned that the risk of misuse by criminals is also increasing, raising the bar for defensive technologies.

“Our goal is to stay ahead of that curve and to contribute meaningfully to positioning Saudi Arabia and the region as globally competitive leaders in AI,” he said.