Debt and pandemic are a double whammy for Zambia

People await for food distribution in Simumbwe, Zambia. (AFP)
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Updated 31 December 2020
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Debt and pandemic are a double whammy for Zambia

  • In mid-October, Zambia missed the deadline to honor a payment of $42.5 million due on a bond worth $750 million, which matures in 2022

LUSAKA: For days on end, Mildred Mwenya has not seen so much as the shadow of a customer in her pharmacy in the Zambian capital Lusaka.

Today, her stomach was as empty as her premises. She had been unable to afford breakfast before coming to open the store.

She is one of a growing number of victims in Zambia of a double hit — a macro-economic crisis combined with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.

“When we come for work, we have no customers and not even food to eat for the morning,” says Mwenya, from behind her counter.

“When you go to order goods and the following day the prices increase, business is bad,” she explains.

A landlocked country in southern Africa, and the world’s second-largest copper producer, Zambia has been lashed by a plunge in commodity prices.

Starved of income, the government announced in mid-November that the country would no longer pay creditors — and the prices of basic goods began to rise.

The nation of 17 million people has a foreign debt estimated at nearly $12 billion, half of which comes from private creditors. Much is owed to China.

In mid-October, Zambia missed the deadline to honor a payment of $42.5 million due on a bond worth $750 million, which matures in 2022.

The global rating agency Standard & Poor’s relegated the country to the “selective default” category.

Once classified as a defaulter, a country undergoes penalties that further increase the cost of servicing its debts, said economist Mambo Hamaundu.

“You won’t have money to buy medicines in hospitals, chalks for our schools, because more money would have moved away from the treasury,” Hamaundu says. “If there is no money in the treasury the ordinary citizens will suffer.”

“This will mean that sectors like health, agriculture and education will be affected,” said Nalucha Ziba, country director for the charity ActionAid.


Saudi home ownership exceeds 66% in 2025: housing minister 

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Saudi home ownership exceeds 66% in 2025: housing minister 

RIYADH: Saudi Minister of Municipalities and Housing Majid Al-Hogail affirmed that the Kingdom has built a balanced real estate ecosystem, which raised the homeownership rate from 47 percent in 2016 to over 66 percent by 2025. 

This indicator reflects the effectiveness of housing policies and regulatory reforms the sector has witnessed in recent years. 

This came during Al-Hogail’s speech at the opening of the fifth edition of the Future of Real Estate Forum. He explained that the Kingdom has chosen the path of “real estate balance” as a strategic approach aimed at enhancing market stability, increasing its efficiency, and entrenching fairness within it.  

He pointed out that this path has been translated into precise regulatory tools whose effects have materialized in less than a year since the launch of its programs in 2025. 

He clarified that the entry into force of the system allowing non-Saudi ownership, within a disciplined regulatory framework, enhances the attractiveness and preserves the sustainability of the real estate market. He emphasized that balanced regulation represents a fundamental pillar in stimulating investment and raising the sector’s efficiency. 

In the context of land regulation and stimulating supply, the minister added that the White Land and Vacant Property Fees Law aims to mobilize unused land. He noted that more than 60,000 invoices have been issued since the beginning of 2026, in addition to the availability of over 100 million sq. meters of ready-to-develop land in Riyadh. This contributes to increasing supply and achieving a balance between supply and demand. 

Al-Hogail added that the ministry, in partnership with the private sector, is working to inject more than 300,000 housing units into Riyadh over the next three years. He also noted that more than 300,000 housing units had been delivered by the end of 2025 across 16 cities in various regions of the Kingdom. 

Furthermore, the number of beneficiaries of housing support programs has exceeded one million, a step that enhances the sustainability and diversity of housing solutions. 

Regarding financing and investment, he revealed that the total real estate financing portfolios in Saudi banks represent about 27 percent of their portfolios.  

He indicated that local sukuk worth over SR20 billion ($5.3 billion) and international issuances worth $4.5 billion have been issued. This is in addition to attracting global developers through an investment portfolio exceeding SR40 billion, reflecting the sector’s solidity and investor confidence in it. 

The minister pointed to the diversity of the housing solutions ecosystem through multiple tools, including rent-to-own, partial ownership and real estate coding, which expand options for beneficiaries and enhance market flexibility. 

Al-Hogail said the Kingdom now has an advanced digital real estate ecosystem considered among the world’s leading systems, with 13 digital platforms serving more than 35 million users. 

About 80 percent of real estate transactions are completed digitally, alongside the issuance of more than 1.3 million real estate records, enhancing governance and transparency and improving operational efficiency. 

On real estate coding, Al-Hogail explained that its regulatory journey spans seven stages, including the launch of a regulatory sandbox for the private sector involving nine companies. He said the future of coding will unfold across three main phases, aimed at building a more open and innovative real estate market. 

Al-Hogail concluded by emphasizing that the Saudi real estate sector is moving confidently toward a new stage of maturity and sustainability, supported by regulatory, financial and digital reforms that strengthen its role as a key driver of the national economy.