How a Saudi university’s AI solution is revolutionizing Red Sea coral conservation

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The Red Sea is home to more than 265 species of coral, (KAUST photo)
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The Red Sea is home to more than 265 species of coral, (KAUST photo)
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Updated 06 September 2024
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How a Saudi university’s AI solution is revolutionizing Red Sea coral conservation

  • Coral-AI uses sensors and algorithms to monitor and protect coral reefs, offering a blueprint for global conservation efforts
  • Developed by KAUST, the system monitors the ocean environment in real-time and delivers nutrients autonomously

JEDDAH: Facing the global challenge of coral bleaching due to rising ocean temperatures, scientists at Saudi Arabia’s King Abdullah University of Science and Technology have pioneered an innovative AI-driven solution to monitor and protect these fragile ecosystems.

The groundbreaking technology, Coral-AI, combines real-time environmental monitoring with automated delivery of beneficial microorganisms, offering a proactive approach to preserving coral health not just in the Red Sea, but potentially across the world’s oceans.

The Red Sea, the world’s northernmost tropical sea, is a semi-enclosed body of water connected to the Mediterranean Sea and the Arabian Sea through the narrow Suez Canal and Bab Al-Mandab Strait.




Shutterstock map showing the Red Sea.

While widely celebrated for its stunning coral reefs and tourism appeal, the Red Sea is also gaining recognition as a vital area for the study of coral ecosystems.

Home to more than 265 species of coral, the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba provide food and shelter to hundreds of vertebrate and invertebrate species, including many endemic and endangered species.




The coral reefs of the Red Sea are unique, serving as an open-air laboratory for studying coral resilience in the face of climate change. (KAUST photo)

This distinctive biodiversity underscores the growing need for conservation efforts in the region.

The coral reefs of the Red Sea are unique, serving as an open-air laboratory for studying coral resilience in the face of climate change. Due to rising ocean temperatures, coral reefs around the world have experienced significant bleaching in recent years.

That is why scientists at KAUST have developed Coral-AI, which combines automated beneficial microorganisms for corals (BMCs) delivery with on-site coral bleach detection.

This innovative system marks a significant advancement in coral reef health management, offering a comprehensive solution through the integration of image processing, AI, and advanced sensor technologies.

Coral-AI’s system introduces a novel approach by autonomously delivering BMCs to coral reefs, streamlining the process and reducing manual labor and costs. The device delivers probiotics to coral reefs and can identify when a coral is dying and deploy medicine.

Coral-AI is “equipped with sensors that monitor environmental conditions directly at the coral site, allowing for real-time adjustments in BMC dispensation,” Khaled Nabil Salama, project supervisor and professor of electrical and computer engineering at KAUST, told Arab News.




KAUST scientists testing the Coral-AI in the Red Sea. (KAUST photo)

“This dual capability of monitoring and proactive intervention makes the system particularly innovative, as it not only assesses but also responds to signs of coral stress, such as elevated temperatures that can lead to bleaching.”

Using an ESP32 microcontroller for optimal performance in the underwater environment, Coral-AI employs algorithms to precisely control the BMC dispensation based on sensor inputs. 

DID YOUKNOW?

• The Red Sea is home to more than 265 species of coral and serves as a natural laboratory for the study of climate resilience.

• KAUST developed Coral-AI to automate the delivery of beneficial microorganisms to coral reefs and detect bleaching in real-time.

• Initially tested in Saudi Arabia’s Red Sea, Coral-AI’s success indicates its potential for adoption in other regions.

• While Coral-AI automates many processes, human expertise remains essential for setting up, calibrating and analyzing data.

“Algorithms play a key role in the system’s functionality by precisely controlling the pumps based on sensor inputs,” Salama said.

“These algorithms allow for the adjustment of BMC dispensation in response to detected environmental changes, ensuring that the corals receive optimal treatment based on current conditions.”

Integrated sensors continuously monitor critical factors such as temperature that impact coral health. By detecting variations, the system can adapt the BMC dispensation to address specific requirements, whether for preventive care or active treatment of bleaching events.

“This proactive approach to environmental monitoring enhances the system’s ability to safeguard coral reefs,” Salama said.




KAUST scientist testing the Coral-AI in the Red Sea. (KAUST photo)

Coral-AI’s system analyzes sensor data to evaluate coral health status and BMC treatment efficacy. By comparing real-time data against established thresholds indicative of coral stress, the system can optimize BMC dispensation to mitigate adverse conditions efficiently.

This data-driven approach provides valuable insights for informed decision-making in coral health management.

The system addresses challenges such as biofouling and variable underwater conditions by incorporating features such as extra pumps and hydraulic dampers to ensure consistent BMC delivery.

Rigorous calibration and testing under controlled conditions enhance the system’s accuracy and reliability, critical for maintaining coral health effectively.

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Humans are not entirely redundant in the process, however.

“While the system automates many processes, human experts are essential for setting up the system, calibrating sensors, analyzing long-term data trends, and making strategic decisions about coral health management,” Salama said.

“Their expertise ensures that the automated system functions as intended and that the interventions are scientifically sound.”

Although Coral-AI has so far only been tested in Saudi Arabia’s Red Sea, its success paves the way for potential adoption in other regions facing similar threats to coral reefs.




AI plays a bihg role in protecting the coral reefs of the Red Sea by making monitoring work easier. (KAUST photo)

“The system’s scalability and effectiveness make it a valuable tool for global conservation initiatives, potentially revolutionizing coral reef management practices worldwide,” Salama said.

Protecting the coral reefs of the Red Sea is crucial for advancing scientific understanding of coral resistance to climate change, which will be invaluable in developing conservation strategies.

This effort could also support the preservation and restoration of these remarkable ecosystems and their associated marine life in the region.
 

 


Jeddah dedicates mural to teachers

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Jeddah dedicates mural to teachers

  • The mural is set to have its official unveiling in a ceremony on Oct. 17

JEDDAH: Artists, students, families, and community members in Jeddah created an eye-catching mural on the Corniche in honor of the city’s teachers, featuring the slogan: “We all appreciate you.” 

The mural project is a collaborative effort between Jeddah Education, Jeddah Municipality, and the Distinguished Initiatives Association as part of World Teachers’ Day.

The creation, which features an array of colors telling the story of education in Saudi Arabia, is expected to enter into the Guinness World Records as more than 30,000 people from various segments of society participated in the creating the world’s largest mural to dedicated to teachers, organizers said.

The mural is set to have its official unveiling in a ceremony on Oct. 17.

Saudi artist Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, who is supervising the project, told Arab News: “The mural tells the story of education in Saudi Arabia and its history, starting with the books and passing through the beginning of education in the Kingdom, all the way to the modern stage of education and its distinction with science and technical knowledge.

“It’s a love letter to teachers from the whole society. It’s an expression of their thankfulness to their teachers through a vibrant art form,” he added.

On Thursday night at Red Sea Mall, in front of hundreds of teachers and visitors, officials of Jeddah Education and members of the Distinguished Initiatives Association launched the mural project for Teacher’s Day.

Celebrations will also be held in other malls within the next few days and around 1,000 teachers will be recognized for their role in education.

Osama A. Al-Khereiji, general director of the Jeddah Distinguished Teacher Award, told the press that the day represents an opportunity to express thanks and gratitude to teachers for their vital role in preparing a generation that contributes to achieving the nation’s future aspirations.

Fawzi Al-Nahdi, a member of the association’s board of directors, explained that such events embody a true appreciation for the role of male and female teachers in society, noting that the association seeks, through these initiatives, to enhance national and social values and stimulate the spirit of giving and excellence among educational personnel.

Al-Nahdi added that the mural, which aims to honor teachers, reflects the great support from various governmental and private sectors, which reflects the position of teachers in the hearts of society.


All-women ranger team leads Saudi royal reserve’s 5,000th patrol

Updated 04 October 2024
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All-women ranger team leads Saudi royal reserve’s 5,000th patrol

RIYADH: An all-women team of Saudi environmental rangers has led the 5,000th patrol of the Prince Mohammed bin Salman Royal Reserve in the Kingdom’s northwest.

Andrew Zaloumis, the reserve authority’s CEO, said that women are “breaking new ground” at the 24,500 sq. km site “one patrol at a time.”

Ranger teams play a significant role in protecting the environment, but are also involved in women’s empowerment efforts that are a focus of the reserve, Zaloumis said in a statement.

“Globally, women rangers are recognized as vital for conservation success, but gender inequalities and challenges persist,” he added.

“At Prince Mohammed bin Salman Royal Reserve, women make up 30 percent of our 183-strong Saudi ranger team — well above the global average of less than 11 percent.”

Women’s leadership is behind the success of empowerment efforts, he said, citing women in senior management positions and a specialized unit in social and economic development that allows local women to become environmental conservation leaders.

“We are building the next generation of conservationists, equipped with the specialist skill set necessary to conserve Saudi Arabia’s endangered wildlife and wild landscapes,” Zaloumis said.

The all-women ranger team, which was appointed two years ago, is paving the way for new career positions for women in the Kingdom.

Ghaida Al-Balawi, one of the rangers, told Arab News about some of the team’s achievements.

“The most significant achievement since joining the team has been successfully raising the level of environmental awareness among local and international visitors, as well as protecting certain endangered species such as the Arabian partridge and the hawksbill turtle. This was accomplished through our effective environmental protection patrols,” she said.

Prince Mohammed bin Salman Royal Reserve contains 15 distinct ecosystems across its mountain ridges, life-giving wadis and Red Sea coral reefs.

The reserve launched a development plan two months ago, publishing a road map covering environmental, economic, social, cultural and tourism targets.


KSrelief provides training for earthquake victims in Turkiye’s Hatay

Updated 04 October 2024
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KSrelief provides training for earthquake victims in Turkiye’s Hatay

  • The third and fourth volunteer training programs were for members of the Syria and Turkiye communities
  • The training for 91 people took place between Sept. 29 and Oct. 4, with 20 volunteers participating

RIYADH: Volunteers from the Kingdom’s aid agency KSrelief have provided training for earthquake victims in Hatay province, Turkiye, the Saudi Press Agency reported on Friday.

The third and fourth volunteer training programs were for members of the Syria and Turkiye communities.

The training for 91 people took place between Sept. 29 and Oct. 4, with 20 volunteers participating.

Since the campaign’s launch, advanced economic empowerment courses have been offered including sewing and embroidery, refrigeration and air conditioning, multimedia technology, graphic design, and computer maintenance.

In addition, other support included therapy sessions, psychological empowerment, and first aid training.

This was provided for 217 people including the sighted and visually impaired.


Saudi Arabia’s KSrelief volunteers conduct heart surgery in El Salvador

Updated 04 October 2024
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Saudi Arabia’s KSrelief volunteers conduct heart surgery in El Salvador

  • The operations were conducted between Sept. 26 and Oct. 3 by eight medical specialists

RIYADH: A volunteer medical team from the Kingdom’s aid agency KSrelief has performed 20 specialized vascular and catheterization operations in San Salvador, El Salvador, the Saudi Press Agency reported on Friday.

The operations were conducted between Sept. 26 and Oct. 3 by eight medical specialists.

The volunteer program is a part of Saudi Arabia’s humanitarian efforts, through KSrelief, to provide aid to those in need around the world.


Experts show off skills at Riyadh culinary event 

Updated 03 October 2024
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Experts show off skills at Riyadh culinary event 

  • Sirha Arabia gathered 300 exhibitors from the Kingdom and around the world to share their expertise in the culinary and hospitality sectors

RIYADH: In collaboration with the Culinary Arts Commission and the Saudi Conventions & Exhibitions General Authority, Sirha Arabia gathered 300 exhibitors from the Kingdom and around the world to share their expertise in the culinary and hospitality sectors on Thursday.

“The experience is extremely positive: Sirha brought to Arabia a very high-profile audience and the organization has been premium, we could feel its quality,” Vittorio Rocchi, the CEO of Sitaf Saudi Co. for Trade, told Arab News.

Sitaf was established in 1976 and currently has a list of more than 3,000 products.

It was one of the main exhibitors presenting during Sirha Arabia with two large booths.

The company showcased live cooking shows in their kitchens offering guests the opportunity to sample pizzas, pasta, dairy products, and seafood.

“There is a fantastic production of fresh sushi and sashimi with dedicated Japanese chefs,” Rocchi told Arab News. “The highlight was the live cutting of a 180 kg fatty tuna, performed by a professional tuna cutter. Simply amazing,” he said.

The Kingdom is working to expand its position as a global player in the catering and hospitality sectors embracing international trends while showcasing local and international products and companies such as Sitaf.

Sirha Food is organized by Sirha Lyon, a globally renowned food service event, taking place every two years in Lyon, France.

The event has expanded to include Saudi Arabia on its list of host countries.

“This is the first time ever for Sirha in KSA and we believed a lot in it. We will continue our path with Sirah for the years to come and grow together,” Rocchi said.

Sirha Arabia consisted of 60 speakers and three pavilions: the Sirha Food Forum, the Sirha Food Masters, and Newcomers for exhibitors presenting for the first time.

The exhibition also served as a one-stop shop for chefs and businesses looking to start a restaurant or expand their at-home culinary portfolio.

The exhibition also hosted a masterclass in macaroons led by the executive pastry chef, Steve Thiery, and other international chefs.

Discussion sessions were hosted which highlighted topics such as Saudi and intentional flavor fusions, “inspiring the next generation of culinary and hospital experts,” dairy trade and export, and navigating the challenges of different markets.

Discussing the reactions of visitors, Rocchi said: “Most visitors were amazed by the size and display of the booth, but most importantly they were impressed by the chefs cooking at the live stations.

“They could enjoy the best flavors of Italian cuisine and this made everyone really happy,” he added.

“For sure, Sitaf is the leading Saudi company in gourmet food,” he stressed. “Sitaf has a range of 70 percent Italian products, we are very proud to be representing this country in the Kingdom. But Sitaf is more, we consider products all over the world as long as it is genuine and high quality,” he said.

On trade relations between Saudi Arabia and Italy, Rocchi said: “We would like to see more Saudi products expand their market share in Italy, I am sure they will because they are of very high quality.” 

He added: “On our hand, we will work to help Saudi brands and products improve and increase, it will work very well.“