The Well of Zamzam is a lasting miracle

Before the end of the Hajj or Umrah journey, visitors make sure to get a bottle or two of Zamzam water. (AN graphics)
Short Url
Updated 20 July 2021
Follow

The Well of Zamzam is a lasting miracle

  • With no impurities, its water contains a good amount of natural minerals and hence distinct heavy taste
  • Before the end of the Hajj or Umrah journey, visitors make sure to get a bottle or two of Zamzam water

MAKKAH: It is one of the most enduring miracles of Islam, representing God’s mercy. The Well of Zamzam first sprang 5,000 years ago under the feet of the Prophet Ismael after his mother Hagar, the second wife of Ibrahim, ran seven times between the two hills of Safa and Marwah looking for water to save her thirsty son.

The name of the well comes from the phrase Zome Zome, meaning “stop flowing,” a command repeated by Hagar as she attempted to contain the spring water.
The well’s ever-clean water has no moss, insects, fungus, or any other impurities. It contains a higher level of natural minerals than normal desalinated water. For this reason, it has a distinct, heavy taste.
Pilgrims are always keen to drink from the well and carry bottles filled with the water to their homelands since it is believed to be a natural source of healing for the sick, according to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).




The Holy Kaaba in the center of Makkah’s Grand Mosque on March 21, 1967. On the left is the entrance to the Zamzam well. Every year, millions of Muslims complete the Hajj pilgrimage to this sacred spot. (Getty Images)

The development and maintenance of the Well of Zamzam has been of major importance, with the water source protected for centuries in many ways. As the main source of water for visitors to Makkah in ancient times and for present-day pilgrims, the well has never stopped generating the blessed water for Muslims, except for a short period of time.
Throughout the ages, the well was guarded by Abd Al-Muttalib bin Hashim, grandfather of Prophet Muhammad, then by many Muslim caliphs up until modern times, when it fell under the protection of Saudi kings starting with the founder of current Saudi Arabia, King Abdul Aziz.
In the past, the holy well was protected in a primitive way, but during the late King Abdullah’s reign, a great leap was taken with regard to developing the way the well was maintained. He changed the methods of filling and distributing water across the Two Holy Mosques.
He also started the King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Zamzam Water Project (KPZW) in 2013.
With the increasing number of visitors coming for Umrah and Hajj, the demand for Zamzam water also rapidly increased. This necessitated more development for the well.
The construction cost of the project amounted to more than SR700 million ($187 million).
The project did away with many of the old unprofessional methods related to pumping, filtering, distributing and filling the water, replacing these with the newest, safest technologies.
In the past, the water used to be bottled manually in different-sized containers, without following an authorized bottling process, resulting in unwanted water pollution.
With this new project, however, there are two main sizes of authorized containers — five and 10 liters — in which the water is treated, bottled, stored, and distributed efficiently.
Before the end of the Hajj or Umrah journey, visitors make sure to get a bottle or two of Zamzam water before they leave, which in previous years used to result in chaos and unorganized queues. Today, the project allows water containers to be distributed to pilgrims inside buses or in airports in order to save time and prevent crowding.
Inside the Two Holy Mosques, the water is provided in coolers that undergo a daily cleaning and filling process.
The online purchase of Zamzam water is a part of the National Water Company’s project, which was initiated following the suspension of sales as a precaution during the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic.
Zamzam water is now distributed via the Saudi electronic business platform HNAK, which offers home delivery service as well.
Extraction, pumping and continued surveillance of storage and pipelines are achieved through the optical fiber technology of the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition network.
With all these technologies, the quality of Zamzam water’s natural minerals is preserved and sustained according to meticulous research carried out to determine the most suitable methods of pumping and filtering.
To prevent all the characteristics of Zamzam water from being affected by any external natural contaminations, the Zamzam Studies and Research Center has applied rigorous quality control.
“In order to be able to manage the Well of Zamzam in a sustainable manner, we need to have a full understanding of the environmental and hydrogeological setting of this holy well and the sources of water reaching it, including water conductors in the area,” Samer Showman, president of the research center, told Arab News.
“We need to see how the water is being stored and how fast it is moving and the types of minerals it extracts through its journey between the rocks to understand what characterizes the fingerprint of Zamzam water.
“We have linked the mathematical model with a rainfall data network and rainfall stations in a different part of the aquifer to determine the exact volume and quantity of water that can be extracted throughout the year in Wadi Ibrahim,” he added.
Showman said that a special laboratory for Zamzam water in Makkah tracks and tests different samples of the water, which are analyzed on a weekly basis to maintain water quality.

Decoder

Zamzam

● The name of the well comes from the phrase Zome Zome, meaning ‘stop flowing,’ a command repeated by Hagar during her attempt to contain the spring water. ● Zamzam has over 60 names, including, Zamam, Taybah, Barah, Maymounah, Siqayatu-l Hajj, Barakah, Mubarakah, Kafiyah, ‘Afiyah, Muathibah.


‘I’ve never seen more confidence in Saudi Arabia’s ability to get things done,’ Diriyah CEO Jerry Inzerillo tells Arab News

Updated 4 sec ago
Follow

‘I’ve never seen more confidence in Saudi Arabia’s ability to get things done,’ Diriyah CEO Jerry Inzerillo tells Arab News

  • Jerry Inzerillo says Founding Day reflects ancestral pride while Diriyah builds the Kingdom’s next 300 years
  • Diriyah’s CEO points to strong investor momentum behind Saudi Arabia’s nationwide giga-project drive

RIYADH: As Saudi Arabia prepares to mark Founding Day on Feb. 22, and looks ahead to the 300th anniversary of the First Saudi State in 2027, few places capture the spirit of that moment quite like Diriyah.

Rising from the historic mudbrick walls of At-Turaif — the UNESCO World Heritage site that marks the birthplace of the Kingdom — a $63 billion giga-project is taking shape, blending heritage, hospitality, and high-end living into what its leaders describe as the world’s premier cultural and lifestyle destination.

At the helm is Jerry Inzerillo, group CEO of Diriyah Company, who speaks about the project with the conviction of someone who understands both its symbolism and its scale.

“Founding Day is our favorite day of the year,” Inzerillo told Arab News. “We love National Day. We love Ramadan. We love family time. But Founding Day is different. It marks the ancestral birthplace of the Kingdom, the home of Al-Saud. It is the source of our identity and our pride.”

Diriyah is not simply another urban development. It is an exercise in national storytelling.

As Saudi Arabia approaches the 300th anniversary of the founding of the First Saudi State on Feb. 22, 2027, the restoration and expansion of Diriyah serve as both acts of homage and a vision statement.

“Founding Day allows us to reflect on where our rich history has been for 300 years,” Inzerillo said. “And it allows us to look forward to the next 300.”

That dual lens — heritage and horizon — defines the project. Every design decision is anchored in Najdi architecture, the traditional mudbrick style of central Arabia. To preserve authenticity, more than 20 million mud bricks have been handcrafted to replicate historic construction methods.

“It’s very complex,” Inzerillo said. “But authenticity matters. We are not just building quickly. We are building with quality, with heritage, and with respect.”

The result is a master-planned city that feels rooted in the 18th century while operating firmly in the 21st.

For many giga-projects around the world, the masterplan often remains conceptual for years. In Diriyah’s case, Inzerillo said the project is visibly, tangibly underway.

“Today, Diriyah is out of the ground,” he said. “Hotels are operating. Restaurants are operating. We recently served 3,200 covers in a single evening.”

The numbers are striking. More than 4 million visitors have already come through the site. One flagship hotel is tracking occupancy at more than 90 percent. And 56,000 workers report to construction sites daily across central Riyadh to advance the development.

“What makes investors confident is that they can see it,” Inzerillo said. “It’s not theoretical. It’s real. It’s built. It’s operating.”

Diriyah is slated to be substantially complete in time for Expo 2030 in Riyadh — a milestone Inzerillo describes as a “phenomenal moment” for the Kingdom.

With a total projected investment of $63 billion, Diriyah is one of the most ambitious urban development projects globally. But Inzerillo is quick to point out that funding alone does not ensure success.

“Money is one factor,” he said. “But two other factors are just as important: time and quality. Being the master developer means we control both.”

That control has translated into rising foreign direct investment. International hospitality brands and global investors are increasingly committing to the project.

“We recently completed a major joint venture worth over €1.4 billion with an Italian investor,” Inzerillo said. “We’ve signed landmark deals for branded residences. People want to own here because they see the progress.”

The appeal extends beyond tourism. According to Inzerillo, Diriyah’s success reflects broader confidence in Saudi Arabia’s economic transformation under Vision 2030.

“I’ve never seen a period where there’s more confidence in the Kingdom’s ability to execute,” he said. “Whether it’s tourism, mining, agriculture, AI, tech — people believe in the vision.”

Inzerillo views Diriyah not an outlier but a showcase, demonstrating that the Kingdom can turn blueprints into bricks and mortar on schedule.

Stressing that the Kingdom’s flagship schemes are “coming online” and “coming to life,” Inzerillo said this a breakthrough moment in which Saudi Arabia’s plans are transforming into vibrant destinations, drawing visitors, investment and global attention, and underscoring his conviction that the giga‑project drive is firmly on track.

While Diriyah’s architecture and investment figures command headlines, Inzerillo insists that the project’s proudest achievement is its people.

Diriyah’s workforce is 82 percent Saudi, with women representing nearly 40 percent of employees.

“These are superstars,” he said. “Young Saudi men and women who are passionate, multilingual, and proud to welcome the world.”

He recounts a recent visit by Ban Ki-moon, during which a young Saudi woman greeted the former UN secretary-general in fluent Korean — a language she had taught herself through watching television dramas.

“He stopped the golf cart and asked her where she learned Korean,” Inzerillo said. “He took a selfie with her. That moment represents the new Saudi Arabia.”

Another young tour guide had learned English through daily interactions with international visitors. “This is real cultural exchange,” Inzerillo said. “It’s happening organically.”

BIO: Jerry Inzerillo

- Jerry Inzerillo has spent decades at the top of the global hospitality industry. As group chief executive of Diriyah Company, he oversees the planning and delivery of one of Saudi Arabia’s most ambitious development projects.

- Before joining Diriyah, he served as CEO of Forbes Travel Guide, expanding its presence to more than 100 countries. Over the course of his career, he has held senior roles linked to brands including One&Only Resorts, Ian Schrager Company, Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts and Hilton Hotels & Resorts.

- He also served as president of Kerzner International, overseeing major resort destinations across Africa, the Middle East, Asia and the Caribbean, and was previously CEO of IMG Artists.

- In 2021, he received the “Corporate Hotelier of the World” award from HOTELS Magazine, one of the sector’s most prominent industry honors.

Beyond hospitality and heritage, Diriyah is positioning itself as a residential destination.

To date, SR16.5 billion ($4.4 billion) worth of residential real estate has been sold. The project includes luxury villas, branded residences attached to hotels, and newly tested mid-market housing aimed at Saudi families.

“At Cityscape, we introduced 60 mid-market units starting from SR1.9 million,” Inzerillo said. “They sold immediately. That told us the demand is there.”

The first Ritz-Carlton residences are scheduled for handover soon, while thousands more units are under development for delivery before 2030.

Diriyah’s residential concept centers on walkability and community.

“You’ll be able to walk to pray, walk to work, walk to school,” Inzerillo said. “It will be the Kingdom’s first fully pedestrian-friendly cultural city.”

Diriyah’s growing global profile has drawn high-level visitors, including Britain’s Prince William.

Inzerillo recalls a recent visit in which the royal guest toured the site on foot for nearly 90 minutes.

“He remarked on how much had been accomplished in such a short time,” he said.

But it is not just dignitaries who are drawn to Diriyah. Celebrities, athletes, and global figures are increasingly stopping to take photos in front of Salwa Palace — the former seat of the First Saudi State.

“I like to joke that if you ask celebrities whether they have a picture at the Eiffel Tower or the pyramids, of course they do,” Inzerillo said. “Now, when people come to Riyadh, they want that photo in front of Salwa Palace.”

For him, that image symbolizes Saudi Arabia’s growing cultural confidence.

“It’s the emblem of the birthplace of the Kingdom,” he said. “It represents who we are.”

Diriyah’s rise coincides with Saudi Arabia’s broader expansion into global tourism. Mega-events such as the Saudi Cup horse race and international motorsport competitions have brought thousands of visitors to the Kingdom.

Inzerillo described walking through Diriyah one evening and hearing conversations in Chinese, Japanese, and a range of other languages — families strolling, children laughing, birds settling into newly planted trees.

“We planted 6.5 million trees in the wadi,” he said. “Now there are thousands of birds that were not here before.”

For him, those small details underscore a bigger shift.

“When visitors leave, their reviews are in the high 90s,” he said. “Many arrive with uncertainty. They leave saying they experienced warmth, beauty, and hospitality they didn’t expect.”

He views this as a powerful form of soft power — not imposed, but experienced.

Executing a giga-project of this scale is not without challenges. A German journalist once asked Inzerillo how often he encounters major problems.

“I told him: hourly,” he said, laughing. “There is always a ‘hot potato’ on my desk.”

But he frames these challenges as part of the process.

“These projects are complex. They require discipline and teamwork. But when you have great leadership and a strong team, you navigate through it.”

He credits the broader Vision 2030 framework and national leadership for creating an environment where such ambitious projects can thrive.

While Founding Day is an annual celebration, 2027 will mark a historic milestone — 300 years since the establishment of the First Saudi State.

The 300th anniversary celebrations, overseen by senior national figures including Princess Sara bint Mashhour bin Abdulaziz and leading historians, are expected to span an entire week, featuring hundreds of cultural, artistic, and family-focused activities.

“It will likely be one of the greatest cultural celebrations in the history of the Kingdom,” Inzerillo said.

For him, the anniversary is not only a commemoration of the past but a declaration of confidence in the future.

“There is only one Diriyah,” he said. “Three hundred years of history. And now we are building the next chapter.”

Inzerillo concluded with an invitation.

“Come visit the birthplace of the Kingdom,” he said. “Come see where our heart and soul began.”

For Saudi Arabia, Diriyah is more than a development project. It is a living narrative — one that connects mudbrick walls to modern skylines, ancestral pride to global ambition.

And as the Kingdom moves steadily toward 2030 and beyond, Diriyah stands as both anchor and aspiration — a testament to what can be built when history is not erased, but elevated.