Climate change ‘national security’ issue, UNEP adviser says, calling on Pakistan army to be part of solutions

Pakistan army arrives to help flood-affected people at a makeshift camp after heavy monsoon rains at Sohbatpur in Jaffarabad district of Balochistan province on September 3, 2022. (AFP/File)
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Updated 07 February 2025
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Climate change ‘national security’ issue, UNEP adviser says, calling on Pakistan army to be part of solutions

  • Armies are huge energy users and have a significant contribution on climate change as military activities burn large amounts of fossil fuels
  • Climate change can create new security challenges in regions affected by extreme weather events like rising sea levels, floods, droughts

ISLAMABAD: Aban Marker Kabraji, an adviser for the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), said on Friday climate change was a “national security issue” for Pakistan, urging the nation’s all-powerful military to consider it “one of the most important issues” it needed to address. 

Armies are huge energy users and have a significant contribution on climate change as military activities, including aircraft operations, naval vessels, and land vehicle usage, burn large amounts of fossil fuels, leading to substantial greenhouse gas emissions. Large-scale training exercises also often involve heavy vehicle usage, contributing to emissions. 

Global experts have for years called for military emission reduction targets to be included in national climate strategies. According to a University of Birmingham study in 2021, it has been estimated that 20 percent of all environmental degradation globally is due to military-related activities. 

The Global Climate Risk Index says Pakistan is among the countries most at risk from climate change. Extreme weather events like floods, droughts, cyclones, torrential rainstorms and heatwaves have been occurring more frequently and with greater intensity across Pakistan in recent years. 

“I think it [climate change] has turned into one [national security issue],” Kabraji told Arab News on the sidelines of the Breathe Pakistan Climate Conference in Islamabad when asked about the role of the Pakistan army in mitigating climate change effects.

“Specifically, just to look at it from the military perspective, from a security point of view, it [climate change] is one of the greatest threats to Pakistan’s existence. Because from climate impact comes social disruption, migration, environmental climate refugees, which basically undermines the stability of a country. So it becomes a very high security concern for anybody who is interested and committed to the long term stability of the state … for anybody in charge of ensuring the security of Pakistan, climate is one of the most important issues to look at.”

Experts say climate change can directly affect military infrastructure such as coastal bases threatened by rising sea levels or training grounds impacted by extreme weather events. Climate change can also create new security challenges in regions affected by extreme weather events like rising sea levels, floods and droughts.

For all these reasons and more, climate change had the potential to “destabilize the state,” Kabraji added, thus making it a “national security issue.”

“Whether it is spoken about in those terms [of national security] as explicitly as you say, perhaps not, but I think it is recognized increasingly [by the military],” she said. 

GLOBAL CLIMATE PLEDGES

International donors in January 2023 committed over $9 billion to help Pakistan recover from ruinous floods a year earlier, exceeding its external financing goals. Officials from some 40 countries as well as private donors and international financial institutions gathered at a meeting in Geneva as Islamabad sought funds to cover around half of a recovery bill amounting to $16.3 billion.

Among the donors were the Islamic Development Bank ($4.2 bln), the World Bank ($2 bln), Saudi Arabia ($1 bln), as well as the European Union and China. France and the United States also made contributions.

Commenting on the pledges, Kabraji said the “promised amounts” had not reached the country.

“The intent might have been there and at that time they may have had the budget, but circumstances change,” she said, adding that the Ukraine or Gaza wars and the US election could alter the dynamics entirely and urging Pakistan to set up local agencies to secure financial support to combat climate change.

CLIMATE FOOTPRINT OF CHINESE INVESTMENTS

The UN adviser also commented on the carbon footprint and climate change impacts of China’s massive infrastructure, energy and other investment projects in Pakistan, saying no study had as yet been carried out in this regard. 

“It certainly is something the government needs to look at from the point of view of the old ways of doing infrastructure and the new ways that would need to be adapted to what climate impact is all about,” Kabraji said.

But China opened up opportunities for Pakistan as a world leader in energy efficiency technology, particularly in the realm of renewable energy like solar panels and electric vehicles, being the globe’s largest producer and exporter in these sectors.

“Rather than looking at the impact, just look at what the opportunities are because China can bring in the best technologies [to Pakistan] in terms of infrastructure investment and adaptation to climate change,” Kabraji said. 
 


Gunmen kill four laborers in Pakistan’s restive southwest amid renewed militant violence

Updated 22 March 2025
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Gunmen kill four laborers in Pakistan’s restive southwest amid renewed militant violence

  • The incident happened in Balochistan’s Kalat district where a group of agriculture workers were shot
  • According to a senior official in the area, the laborers belonged to Pakistan’s eastern Punjab province

QUETTA: At least four laborers belonging to Pakistan’s eastern Punjab province were killed on Saturday after unidentified gunmen targeted them some 40 kilometers from the Mangochar area, situated in Balochistan’s Kalat district, according to a senior government functionary.
This is not the first time laborers from Punjab have been targeted in Pakistan’s restive southwestern Balochistan province, which shares porous borders with Iran and Afghanistan and has experienced a low-scale insurgency by Baloch separatist groups against the Pakistani state.
Baloch nationalists have long accused the Pakistani government and the country’s most prosperous Punjab province of monopolizing profits from Balochistan’s abundant natural resources, saying it has led to their political marginalization and economic exploitation.
Pakistani administrations have denied these allegations, however, citing several development initiatives launched in the province to improve local living conditions.
“Five laborers were drilling on private agricultural land in Mangochar when armed men targeted them with gunshots, killing four laborers at around 2:30 in the afternoon today,” Ali Gul Umrani, Assistant Commissioner Mangochar, told Arab News.
“One laborer survived the attack and the unidentified gunmen fled the area,” he added.
So far, no group has claimed responsibility for the attack. However, last month, seven Punjab-based passengers were killed by the separatist Baloch Liberation Army (BLA), whose militants intercepted a passenger bus and off-boarded those passengers after checking their national identity cards in Barkhan district.
“The laborers targeted today belonged to Punjab’s Sadiqabad district,” Umrani informed, adding their bodies were being shifted to their native villages.
The latest attack against Punjabi laborers comes days after BLA militants hijacked a Peshawar-bound passenger train in the rugged and mountainous Bolan region, killing more than 30 passengers, including Pakistan Army soldiers.
The BLA took hundreds of passengers captive, and the situation persisted for nearly 36 hours before security forces launched a rescue operation in which all 33 militants were killed.
Reacting to the Mangochar attack, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif condemned the killing of the laborers and prayed for their departed souls.
“In this hour of grief, we stand with the families of these poor, hardworking laborers,” he said.
“Those who target laborers and working-class individuals are enemies of humanity,” he added. “We will not rest until all forms of terrorism are eradicated from the country.”


Health authorities confirm first mpox case in Pakistan’s Sindh

Updated 22 March 2025
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Health authorities confirm first mpox case in Pakistan’s Sindh

  • The 29-year-old patient has no recent travel history, raising suspicion of local transmission
  • Provincial health official says the patient is kept in isolation, with contact tracing in progress

KARACHI: Pakistan’s southeastern province of Sindh on Saturday reported its first mpox case, with health authorities saying the patient, in his late 20s, had no recent travel history and was being kept in isolation at a local hospital.
Pakistan reported eight cases last year and five this year of mpox, which causes flu-like symptoms and pus-filled lesions. Children, pregnant women, and people with weakened immune systems face a higher risk of complications from the infection.
Mpox can spread through close contact with an infected person, such as skin-to-skin touching or cuts, sexual activity, mouth-to-mouth contact, or by breathing in infectious respiratory particles.
The Sindh health department’s announcement highlighting the lack of travel history raises suspicion of a locally transmitted case.
“Saturday 22nd March 2025, the lab confirmed the first case of Monkeypox in Sindh,” Meeran Yousuf, the provincial health department spokesperson, said in a brief statement.
“The 29-year-old male, resident of District Malir, has no recent travel history,” he continued. “His first symptom onset was on 15th March 2025. The patient is currently in isolation at a public hospital and contact tracing is currently being conducted by the health department.”
Last month, Pakistan reported two new mpox cases in the northwestern city of Peshawar, one of which was said to be the country’s first locally transmitted case.
The World Health Organization declared a global health emergency in 2024 over the spread of a new, more dangerous mutated strain of mpox, named clade I. The strain first emerged in the Democratic Republic of Congo and spread to several countries, prompting increased monitoring and preventive measures worldwide.
Pakistan has so far not reported any cases of the new mutation.


Pakistan’s special envoy visits Afghanistan amid deepening tensions over militancy

Updated 22 March 2025
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Pakistan’s special envoy visits Afghanistan amid deepening tensions over militancy

  • The Pak-Afghan ties have remained tense in recent months due to a mix of security, political and border issues
  • Pakistan has deported over 800,000 Afghans since Nov. 2023 and plans to repatriate more in the coming days

ISLAMABAD: A senior Pakistani diplomat designated to exclusively deal with Afghanistan-related matters is on a three-day visit to the neighboring country, the foreign office announced on Saturday, as bilateral ties between the two nations hit a low point amid a surge in militant attacks in Pakistan.
Pakistan-Afghanistan relations have remained tense in recent months due to a mix of security, political and border issues, with Islamabad accusing the Taliban-led interim government in Kabul of providing safe haven to anti-Pakistan militant groups facilitating cross-border attacks. Kabul has denied the allegations.
The friction escalated after a recent targeting of a passenger train in Pakistan’s southwestern Balochistan province, claimed by the separatist Baloch Liberation Army (BLA).
Pakistani officials said the BLA fighters remained in contact with “handlers” based in Afghanistan during the attack that lasted for two days and involved hundred of hostages.
“At the direction of Deputy Prime Minister / Foreign Minister Senator Mohammad Ishaq Dar @MIshaqDar50, Special Representative for Afghanistan, Amb. Muhammad Sadiq Khan, is undertaking an official visit to Afghanistan from 21-23 March 2025 to discuss Pakistan-Afghanistan bilateral relation,” the foreign office said in a social media post, without providing further details.
Pakistan launched a nationwide deportation campaign targeting undocumented foreigners, mostly Afghans, in November 2023, shortly after a series of deadly suicide bombings that officials blamed on Afghan nationals.
The move, which added to diplomatic tensions between the two countries, has so far led to the repatriation of more than 800,000 Afghans. Many of them had lived in Pakistan since fleeing the Soviet invasion of their country in 1979.
The Pakistani government earlier this month also directed Afghanistan Citizen Card holders to leave the country by March 31, warning they would face deportation if they failed to comply.


Baloch rights group says top leader arrested in police raid in southwestern Pakistan

Updated 22 March 2025
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Baloch rights group says top leader arrested in police raid in southwestern Pakistan

  • Baloch Yakjehti Committee says Dr. Mahrang Baloch was arrested amid a province-wide wheel-jam strike
  • Provincial authorities blame BYC activists for trying to snatch the bodies of militants who targeted Jaffar Express

QUETTA: A leading Baloch ethnic rights group announced on Saturday its top leader was arrested along with several of her colleagues in southwestern Balochistan after police raided their protest camp at dawn in the provincial capital of Quetta.
Dr. Mahrang Baloch has long campaigned for the rights of the ethnic Baloch community, which claims to be subjected to extrajudicial harassment, arrests and killings by security forces in the province.
The Pakistani state, however, denies the allegation, saying its forces are combating separatist militants who target armed forces personnel and foreign nationals in the mineral-rich province that borders Iran and Afghanistan.
The Baloch Yakjehti Committee (BYC) said its leader’s arrest came amid a province-wide wheel-jam strike that followed an alleged police attack on a protest in Quetta that killed three people on Friday evening. BYC said its leader and other supporters began a sit-in with the bodies of the deceased when authorities intervened and detained them.
“At around 5:30 this morning, police and other state agencies attacked the protest sit-in, seized the bodies of the martyrs from the demonstrators, and arrested Baloch Yakjehti Committee’s central leader, Dr. Mahrang Baloch, along with her companions,” Sammi Deen Baloch, another BYC leader, said in a social media post.
“The bodies of the slain youth were also forcibly taken into custody,” she added. “In addition, a crackdown was carried out against women and children as well.”
Balochistan’s provincial authorities accused the BYC of getting into a confrontation with police after some of its members allegedly tried to snatch the bodies of deceased militants involved in the hijacking of a passenger train in the province from a mortuary last week.
The Baloch Liberation Army (BLA), a separatist group, had targeted the Peshawar-bound Jaffar Express in the mountainous Bolan region on March 11, taking hundreds of passengers captive.
The siege, which lasted for two days, ended after a military operation that killed 33 militants. The attack, which also claimed the lives of over 30 civilians and security personnel, was one of the deadliest train assaults in the country’s history.
A senior police official confirmed to Arab News on condition of anonymity that Baloch and seven other BYC activists had been arrested in this morning following the attempt to take militants’ bodies with them.
“Police have lodged an FIR [first information report] against Dr. Mahrang and other protesters who attempted to snatch militants’ bodies from the Civil Hospital on Wednesday to glorify the terrorists,” he said. “They also snatched two bodies yesterday from the families who wanted to bury their loved ones and didn’t want to be part of the police and BYC clash.”
A statement released by the office of the commissioner Quetta division during the day also maintained the BYC initiated a protest seeking the recovery of the bodies of militants who targeted the passenger train.
“The protest quickly turned violent as BYC protesters and their armed accomplices resorted to stone-pelting, indiscriminate firing and attacks on law enforcement personnel,” the statement continued. “During the unrest, three individuals lost their lives due to the firing by armed elements accompanying BYC leadership.”
The statement added civil authorities and police emphasized the deceased individuals’ bodies required examination to ascertain the actual circumstances of their deaths, but the BYC refused to hand them over.
“On the request of the deceased’s families, police successfully recovered the bodies from the unlawful custody of BYC supporters and ensured their respectful handover to the respective families,” the statement informed.
“Legal proceedings have been initiated against BYC leaders and their armed associates for inciting and abetting unlawful activities,” it added. “They have been booked under relevant laws for attacking the Civil Hospital, instigating violent protests and other serious offenses.”
Meanwhile, Sabiha Baloch, a senior BYC member, conducted a news conference in which she presented a list of demands to the government.
“The [Balochistan] chief minister, inspector general of police, commissioner and deputy commissioner of Quetta must be sacked for killing three unarmed protesters,” she said. “All detained members of BYC, including Dr. Mahrang Baloch, must be released immediately.”
The authorities restored the cellphone service in Quetta on Saturday evening after suspending it for 16 hours amid the BYC protests. However, the cellphone Internet service continues to remain suspended even after three days.


Pakistan Railways reduces train fares for travel on Eid Al-Fitr

Updated 22 March 2025
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Pakistan Railways reduces train fares for travel on Eid Al-Fitr

  • Hundreds of thousands of Pakistanis travel via airplanes, trains, buses to their hometowns to celebrate Eid with family and friends
  • This week, Pakistan’s government announced a three-day holiday from Mar. 31 to Apr. 2 on account of the Muslim festival of Eid Al-Fitr

KARACHI: Pakistan Railways has reduced fares for passenger for travel during Eid Al-Fitr holidays, it announced on Saturday.
Eid Al-Fitr marks the end of the fasting month of Ramadan for Muslims worldwide. Ramadan began in Pakistan on Mar. 2, a day after most other Muslims nations, and the Eid Al-Fitr festival at end of the holy month is expected to fall on Mar. 31.
Pakistan’s government this week announced a three-day holiday from Mar. 31 to Apr. 2 on account of the Muslim festival of Eid Al-Fitr.
“The competent authority has been pleased to grant 20 percent concession in fares of all mail and express, intercity and passenger trains in all classes (managed by PR only) on account of the auspicious occasion of Eid Al-Fitr,” the railways department said in a notification.
“This concession will be allowed on current booking only on 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of Eid Al-Fitr.”
Eid Al-Fitr is one of two major Muslim festivals, the other being Eid Al-Adha, which is marked by the slaughtering of animals such as sheep and goats whose meat is shared among family and friends and donated to the poor. This year, Eid Al-Adha is expected to fall on June 6 or 7, marking the culmination of the Hajj pilgrimage.
Hundreds of thousands of Pakistanis travel via airplanes, trains, buses to their hometowns from far-flung cities and abroad to celebrate the joyous occasions with families and friends each year.
Pakistan Railways also runs special trains on both Eids to facilitate passengers.
“No person or party will be allowed to avail two or more concessions at one time,” the notification read. “Concessional fares shall not be applicable to the Eid special trains.”