NEOM’s Oxagon leads the way in sustainable industrial revolution

Spanning approximately 50 sq. km, Oxagon ranks among the largest floating industrial complexes worldwide. Photo/Supplied
Short Url
Updated 29 December 2024
Follow

NEOM’s Oxagon leads the way in sustainable industrial revolution

  • Oxagon has become a global model for future industrial development
  • It has continued to leverage cutting-edge technologies to revolutionize logistics and manufacturing operations

RIYADH: Oxagon, the industrial cornerstone of NEOM, has solidified its position as a critical hub for logistics and manufacturing, perfectly aligned with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030.

Through a blend of innovation, sustainability, and technological progress, Oxagon has become a global model for future industrial development. Spanning approximately 50 sq. km, it ranks among the largest floating industrial complexes worldwide and is on track to achieve 100 percent renewable energy use by 2030.

The accomplishments of 2024 underscore Oxagon’s commitment to economic diversification and environmental responsibility, offering valuable lessons for businesses. By prioritizing sustainability, embracing cutting-edge technologies, and showcasing adaptability, Oxagon sets new benchmarks for the logistics and manufacturing sectors.

Driving sustainability

Oxagon stands as a beacon of sustainable practices within logistics and manufacturing. Paolo Carlomagno, partner at Arthur D. Little Middle East, said that Oxagon’s initiatives align with the core objectives of Saudi Vision 2030, aiming to create a diversified economy while reducing environmental impact.

“For example, Oxagon’s logistics operations integrate renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, which have collectively reduced carbon emissions by an estimated 25 percent compared to traditional models,” Carlomagno explained.




Paolo Carlomagno, partner at Arthur D. Little Middle East, notes that Oxagon’s initiatives align with the core objectives of Saudi Vision 2030, aiming to create a diversified economy while reducing environmental impact.

“Additionally, the manufacturing ecosystem embraces circular economy principles, focusing on resource efficiency and waste minimization. By 2026, Oxagon’s waste-to-resource initiatives are projected to recycle 90 percent of industrial waste generated within the facility,” he added.

Carlomagno further emphasized that advanced systems such as green building technologies and smart water management are integral to Oxagon’s strategy to minimize its environmental footprint.

“For instance, Oxagon employs advanced desalination techniques that use 40 percent less energy than conventional methods, providing a sustainable water supply for both industrial operations and local communities,” he noted. “These efforts create a resilient, eco-friendly industrial ecosystem capable of adapting to future challenges.”

Collaboration is central to Oxagon’s strategy, with partnerships with global corporations like Siemens and Schneider Electric driving the accelerated adoption of sustainable practices.

“These collaborations have led to the implementation of innovative solutions, such as energy-efficient manufacturing systems and low-carbon supply chain logistics, setting a standard for the region and beyond,” he added.

FASTFACTS

Oxagon’s logistics operations integrate renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, which have collectively reduced carbon emissions by an estimated 25 percent compared to traditional models.

Oxagon employs advanced desalination techniques that use 40 percent less energy than conventional methods, providing a sustainable water supply for both industrial operations and local communities.

Real-time demand forecasting has allowed Oxagon’s partners to reduce inventory holding costs by 20 percent, reflecting its agility in a dynamic global market.

Technological innovations

In 2024, Oxagon has continued to leverage cutting-edge technologies to revolutionize logistics and manufacturing operations. Carlomagno noted that technologies such as artificial intelligence, robotics, and the Internet of Things have played a crucial role in streamlining processes, enhancing predictive maintenance, and optimizing inventory management, resulting in efficiency gains of approximately 30 percent compared to 2023.

“One notable advancement has been the integration of autonomous electric vehicles within its logistics network. These vehicles, combined with AI-driven route optimization algorithms, have reduced delivery times by 20 percent and operational costs by 15 percent,” he said.

“Additionally, smart manufacturing hubs equipped with IoT-enabled machinery have increased production accuracy by 25 percent, while reducing downtime through predictive maintenance protocols.”

Looking forward, Carlomagno highlighted that Oxagon’s commitment to emerging technologies promises further industry disruption.

“The adoption of blockchain for transparent supply chain management is expected to reduce fraud and improve traceability, while quantum computing — currently under exploration — offers the potential to solve complex logistical challenges at unprecedented speeds. Such innovations are expected to drive a projected 10 percent annual growth rate in Oxagon’s industrial output over the next five years,” he said.

Federico Pienovi, chief business officer and CEO for APAC & MENA at Globant, outlined Oxagon’s use of AI-driven analytics, blockchain-enabled supply chain management, and autonomous systems to create a highly connected and efficient operational ecosystem. These advancements have improved transparency, reduced inefficiencies, and streamlined processes, enabling smarter decision-making.

“For example, AI and machine learning have played pivotal roles in logistics, enabling predictive models that optimize shipping schedules. By analyzing port availability in real-time, these systems ensure vessels depart and arrive with precision, avoiding costly delays and idle time. Similarly, blockchain technology ensures supply chain transparency, building trust and resilience across global operations,” said the CEO.

In manufacturing, robotics, supported by AI, has revolutionized production lines, offering unmatched precision, scalability, and flexibility.

“IoT sensors have elevated predictive maintenance to a new level, reducing downtime and enhancing overall equipment efficiency. Combined, these innovations are driving higher product quality, creative business models, and smarter scalability,” he said.




Federico Pienovi, chief business officer and CEO for APAC & MENA at Globant, outlined Oxagon’s use of AI-driven analytics, blockchain-enabled supply chain management, and autonomous systems to create a highly connected and efficient operational ecosystem.

Looking to the future, Pienovi emphasized that Oxagon’s connected experiences will further enhance operations, not just in factories and logistics but also for employees. By integrating data from IoT, AI, and machine learning, Oxagon offers seamless workflows while maintaining a people-centric approach, improving employee satisfaction, operational agility, and productivity.

Evolving market dynamics

As global markets evolve, Oxagon provides a model for how businesses can adapt and thrive. Carlomagno noted that Oxagon’s strategy revolves around three core pillars: collaboration, sustainability, and digital transformation. By forming strategic partnerships with technology providers, academic institutions, and multinational corporations, Oxagon has positioned itself as an innovation hub.

“For example, a partnership with MIT enabled the establishment of a data-driven logistics optimization platform that has increased supply chain efficiency by 15 percent,” he said.

Oxagon’s consumer-centric approach also sets it apart. By leveraging data analytics and consumer feedback loops, the company ensures its products and services meet evolving market demands.

“For instance, real-time demand forecasting has allowed Oxagon’s partners to reduce inventory holding costs by 20 percent, reflecting its agility in a dynamic global market,” said Carlomagno.

Pienovi emphasized that embracing digital transformation is a critical strategy for future success.

“Oxagon has placed advanced technologies like AI, IoT, edge computing, and automation at the core of its operations. By integrating predictive AI models, Oxagon has optimized its supply chain management, enabling it to forecast demand and identify the most efficient logistics routes,” he said.

The CEO added: “At the same time, IoT sensors and robust platforms have elevated operational efficiency, improved product quality, and enhanced risk mitigation efforts. These technologies have not only transformed manufacturing and logistics but have also paved the way for connected experiences, where personalized insights enhance decision-making across operations.”

Sustainability remains a key pillar of Oxagon’s strategy. “By integrating circular economy principles, Oxagon has redefined what it means to operate in an environmentally conscious manner, aligning itself with the growing consumer demand for responsible and eco-friendly brands. Its efforts in sustainability are not merely a corporate responsibility but also a strategic driver for differentiation in the global market,” said Pienovi.

In an increasingly digital business environment, Pienovi highlighted the growing importance of data privacy and cybersecurity.

“Oxagon’s commitment to compliance with regulations, such as Saudi Arabia’s NCA and international standards, underscores its focus on maintaining trust and ensuring secure operations,” he concluded.

As global business becomes more interconnected, Oxagon’s initiatives in 2024 provide a powerful model for how businesses can successfully adapt by integrating innovation, sustainability, and collaboration.


Mapping Saudi soils to grow better crops

Updated 19 December 2025
Follow

Mapping Saudi soils to grow better crops

  • Palm trees, root crops, and coastal plants reveal the land’s story

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s land tells stories written beneath the feet. From fertile plains and rugged highlands to vast deserts, the Kingdom’s diverse landscapes shape what can grow, where it grows, and how agriculture can thrive.

Alongside geography and climate, soil conditions play a decisive role in agricultural success. Understanding soil types across the Kingdom helps determine which crops can flourish and what interventions may be needed to sustain them.

In an interview with Arab News, Turki Almutairi, a senior environmental specialist at the National Afforestation Center under the National Center for Vegetation Cover Development and Combating Desertification, outlined the main soil types found across Saudi Arabia.

High amount of salt makes the soil unfit for the production of most crops, even if the soil is fertile. (Supplied)

“The dominant soil in the Kingdom are sandy desert soils, alongside calcareous soils in the central region. Rocky and stony soils are present along mountainous and hilly landscapes,” he said.

“Alluvial soils are common in wadies (valleys), while saline and sodic soils are located in depressions (Sabkhas) and along coastlines. Pockets of clayed soils can be also found around few sites along the Kingdom.”

The Kingdom’s vast territory gives rise to unique soil characteristics in each region, enabling different crops to grow depending on local conditions.

“Soil is the growing medium for plants. The role of soil includes structural stabilization, providing nutrients and a communication medium for plants,” Basil Nasir, soil lead at engineering consultancy William Sale Partnership, told Arab News.

Basil Nasir, soil lead at the engineering consultant company, William Sale Partnership (WSP). (Supplied)

According to Nasir, assessing soil use is essential before determining whether it is fertile or infertile, as different soils support different plant types.

“The soil used for trees differs from the soil used for ornamental plants and from the soil used for aquatic plants. It varies according to the specific needs of each plant, and based on this, we determine what the soil requires and assess its fertility,” he said.

Nasir explained that soil characteristics are shaped by both physical and chemical components. In addition to water and air, mineral particles such as sand, silt and clay are key indicators of soil health. Organic matter, derived from plant and animal remains, forms the fourth major component.

The balance between these elements determines soil behavior. One important physical trait is water-holding capacity, which influences what types of plants a soil can support.

 

Opinion

This section contains relevant reference points, placed in (Opinion field)

“If the soil is like dunes, adding water will cause it to run off, but if the soil is clay, its ability to retain water will be very high. If you add water and return the next day, you will find that the water is still there,” said Nasir.

Chemical properties, such as whether soil is alkaline or acidic, are equally important. Understanding both physical and chemical traits allows for proper assessment and treatment when needed.

“What determines whether a plant is suitable for a particular environment is primarily the plant's nature. For example, some plants have fibrous roots and therefore do not require well-draining soil,” Nasir added.

“A palm tree, for example, does not care whether it was planted in one soil or the other because its roots are fibrous. Therefore, palm trees are strong plants and are suitable to grow in both dry and wetlands, while preferring sandy areas.”

Soil Salinity can be treated through Soil leaching which means washing the soil with certain amount of water to reduce the salt in it. (Supplied)

Crops such as potatoes, onions, carrots and beetroots — where the edible part grows underground — typically thrive in sandy soils. As a result, plantations of these crops are commonly found in northern regions such as Hail and in Wadi Ad-Dawasir.

In the eastern region, including Al-Ahsa, wetlands are more common due to climatic conditions. Growing plants in such environments often requires human intervention.

“Plants that are coastal or could be found in lagoons or lakes must have some sort of soil around them, like lotus flowers and mangrove trees.”

“An important parameter to keep in mind is that there is no air in its soil, and they are adapted to this condition. However, the lack of air, along with the presence of organic matter, will create a situation where anaerobic bacteria react with the soil, potentially causing diseases we can easily avoid,” said Nasir.

He emphasized that removing organic matter from such soils is essential to ensure plant survival in aquatic environments.

Mountainous and rocky regions in Saudi Arabia are generally volcanic, resulting in low water-holding capacity and challenging growing conditions. However, volcanic ash contributes to high fertility, allowing certain crops to flourish.

As a result, western regions support tree crops such as coffee, mangoes, some banana varieties and pomegranates.

There are various types of soils such as clay, sandy, silty and loamy. Each type provides excellent conditions for specific plants. (Supplied)

As development accelerates across the Kingdom, soil improvement efforts are expanding under the National Greening Program.

“Soil is considered fundamental for the National Greening Program’s objectives. Understanding the soil variability along the Kingdom is a precondition for fostering sustainable soil management,” Almutairi told Arab News.

Adding, “In this line, the NGP is working towards the establishment of the Saudi Soil Information System (TURBA-KSA), which consists of mapping soils and its functional properties in the Kingdom using state-of-the-art technology.”

He also noted the creation of the “Land Rehabilitation Watch” to report, verify and monitor land rehabilitation nationwide.

“This milestone allows the Kingdom to understand how soil and land health are progressing against national and international targets of land degradation neutrality. Documenting good soil and land management practices is also important, so that those successful practices could be scaled up along the Kingdom, which is a priority task for NGP,” he said.

Raising public awareness is another key pillar of the program.

“Assessing different emerging technologies and soil amendments is a daily activity of NGP, as it then provides technical support to partners on the selection and application of these technologies.”

DID YOU KNOW?

• Saudi Arabia cultivates around 1 million hectares, mainly in Riyadh, Qassim, Hail, and Jouf.

• Farming follows the seasons: winter brings onions, garlic, and carrots, while summer yields watermelon, tomatoes, and cucumbers.

• The Kingdom is a top date producer, with over 31 million palm trees generating nearly 1.54 million tons, especially in Riyadh and Qassim.

Almutairi stressed that soil is often overlooked because it lies unseen beneath the surface, despite its critical role.

Yet soil produces 95 percent of food, stores water, holds more carbon than vegetation and the atmosphere, suppresses contaminants, regulates water, carbon and nutrient cycles, and hosts microorganisms linked to the human microbiome.

He emphasized the need to engage the general public, particularly urban communities disconnected from nature. Education helps people understand where food comes from and how contact with soil — such as walking barefoot — can support well-being. Healthy soils also contribute to cleaner water and air, he added.

Almutairi also called for stronger advocacy among decision-makers, noting that investment in healthy soils supports climate action, food security and sustainable development.

He concluded that key strategies include officially observing UN World Soil Day on Dec. 5, integrating soil education into curricula, launching annual social media campaigns, using art to raise awareness, and organizing public events that connect soils to everyday life.