Saudi Aramco begins issuing US dollar-denominated bonds

Saudi Aramco has started issuing US dollar-denominated international bonds under its Global Medium Term Note Program. File
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Updated 01 October 2024
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Saudi Aramco begins issuing US dollar-denominated bonds

RIYADH: Energy giant Saudi Aramco has started issuing US dollar-denominated international bonds under its Global Medium Term Note Program.

In a statement on Tadawul, Aramco disclosed that the bonds have a minimum subscription of $200,000, with the offering price and value determined based on market conditions. The offering began on July 9 and is set to conclude on July 17. 

This marks the state oil firm’s return to the debt market after a three-year hiatus. The last time it tapped the global debt markets was in 2021, raising $6 billion from a three-tranche sukuk, or Islamic bond. In February, it indicated plans to issue another bond this year. 

Gulf companies and governments have been eager to leverage debt markets this year amidst declining global interest rates. In January, the Kingdom issued $12 billion in dollar-denominated bonds as part of this trend. 

Aramco stated in its Tadawul release that its US dollar-denominated bonds are direct, general, unconditional, and unsecured obligations of the company. 

These bonds are aimed at institutional investors, specifically qualified investors in jurisdictions where the offering complies with local regulations. The issuance is managed by Citi, Goldman Sachs International, and HSBC. JP Morgan, Morgan Stanley, and SNB Capital are also participating as active joint bookrunners. 

Additional joint bookrunners include Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank, anb capital, and Bank of China, alongside BofA Securities, BSF Capital, and Emirates NBD Capital Limited. 

It also includes First Abu Dhabi Bank, GIB Capital, and Mizuho, along with MUFG, Natixis, Riyad Capital, SMBC Nikko, and Standard Chartered Bank. 

Aramco disclosed various redemption options for the bonds, such as redemption at maturity, upon an event of default, or for tax reasons. These options include the issuer’s call, maturity par call, and make-whole call. Additionally, they encompass investor put and change of control put, all subject to prevailing market conditions. 

In February, Ziad Al-Murshed, executive director of new business development at Saudi Aramco, emphasized prioritizing long-term goals and plans over short-term ones, hinting at a forthcoming timeframe.  

He mentioned that Saudi Aramco could potentially issue longer-term bonds up to 50 years and might offer these financial instruments in 2024 as market conditions improve. 

“We’re always prioritizing longer term over short term. The timeframe I don’t want to give you exactly but it’s not very far away. Likely in 2024,” Al-Murshed said. 

The sale of over $10 billion worth of shares by Aramco last month marked the second public offering from the Saudi-based firm. 

The 1.55 billion shares on offer represented 0.64 percent of the company’s issued shares. In a Tadawul statement, the oil firm disclosed at that time that the price range was set between SR26.70 and SR29 ($7 to $7.70) per share. 

Globally, Saudi Arabia has emerged as the leading issuer of international bonds amongst emerging markets, surpassing China with $33.2 billion in bond sales to date, as reported by Bloomberg last month.  

This marked the first time in 12 years that China was displaced from the top spot, driven by an 8 percent growth in Saudi Arabia’s bond sales this year, according to the agency.  

The Kingdom’s record pace of borrowing is driven by increasing support from global debt investors for the nation’s Vision 2030 plan, which aims to diversify the Saudi economy away from oil dependence and transform the country into a global business hub by the end of the decade. 


Saudi ports brace for cargo surge as shipping lines reroute

Updated 09 March 2026
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Saudi ports brace for cargo surge as shipping lines reroute

RIYADH: Preliminary estimates suggest that several global shipping lines could reroute part of their operations to Saudi Arabia’s Red Sea ports, potentially adding 250,000 containers and 70,000 vehicles per month, according to Rayan Qutub, head of the Logistics Council at the Jeddah Chamber of Commerce, in an interview with Al-Eqtisadiah.

“Any disruption in the Strait of Hormuz not only affects maritime traffic in the Arabian Gulf but could also reshape global trade routes,” Qutub said, highlighting the strait’s status as one of the world’s most critical maritime chokepoints for energy and goods transport.

With rising regional tensions, international shipping companies are reassessing their routes, adjusting shipping lines, or exploring alternative sea lanes. This signals that the current challenges extend beyond the Arabian Gulf, impacting the global supply chain as a whole.

Limited impact on US, European shipments

The effects of these developments will not be uniform across trade routes. Qutub noted that goods from China and India, which rely heavily on routes through the Arabian Gulf, are most vulnerable to disruption. In contrast, shipments from Europe and the US typically traverse western maritime routes via the Suez Canal and the Red Sea, making them less susceptible to regional disturbances.

Saudi Arabia’s strategic location, he emphasized, strengthens the resilience of regional trade. The Kingdom operates an integrated network of Red Sea ports — including Jeddah, Rabigh, Yanbu, and Neom — that have benefited from substantial infrastructure upgrades and technological enhancements in recent years, boosting their capacity to absorb increased cargo volumes.

Red Sea bookings

Several major carriers, including MSC, CMA CGM, and Maersk, have already opened bookings to Saudi Red Sea ports, signaling a shift in operational focus to these strategically positioned hubs.

However, Qutub warned that rerouted shipments could increase sailing times. Cargo from Asia, which normally takes 30-45 days, might now require longer voyages via the Cape of Good Hope and the Mediterranean, potentially extending transit to 60-75 days in some cases.

These changes are also reflected in rising shipping costs, driven by longer routes, higher fuel consumption, and increased insurance premiums — a typical response when global trade patterns shift due to geopolitical pressures.

Qutub emphasized that Saudi Arabia’s transport and logistics sector is managing these developments through coordinated government oversight. The Ministry of Transport and Logistics, the Logistics National Committee, and the Logistics Partnership Council recently convened to evaluate the impact on trade and supply chains. Regular weekly meetings have been established to monitor developments and implement solutions to safeguard the stability of supplies and continuity of trade.

He noted that the Kingdom’s logistical readiness is the result of long-term strategic investments, encompassing ports, airports, road networks, rail systems, and logistics zones. Today, Saudi logistics integrates maritime, land, rail, and air transport, enabling a resilient response to global disruptions.

Qutub also highlighted the need for the private sector to continuously review logistics and crisis management strategies, develop alternative plans, and manage strategic stockpiles. Such measures are essential to mitigate temporary fluctuations in global trade and ensure smooth supply chain operations.