EU ambassador bids Saudi Arabia farewell

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Patrick Simonnet said that his fondest memories were meeting people. (AN Photo/Saad Alanzi)
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Patrick Simonnet said that his fondest memories were meeting people. (AN Photo/Saad Alanzi)
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Updated 02 August 2023
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EU ambassador bids Saudi Arabia farewell

  • Patrick Simonnet: I leave with a certain sense of having contributed to the increasing relationships between Europe and the Kingdom
  • Simonnet: You wouldn’t believe me, but yesterday I was in Tabuk because I wanted to see this province, which is the closest to Europe

RIYADH: EU Ambassador to Saudi Arabia Patrick Simonnet has bid the Kingdom farewell at the end of his mission, reflecting on the growth of Saudi-European relations over the past three years in an interview with Arab News.

“I leave with a certain sense of having contributed to the increasing relationships between Europe and the Kingdom,” he said.

The ambassador reflected on his three years living in Saudi Arabia, saying that his fondest memories were meeting people.

“I don’t want that to sound cliche, because I really think it’s people, you know, encounters, meetings, discovering people, discovering friends, colleagues,” he said.

“And I think that, probably, the intensity of the human experience is really something that I will take back with me.”

The ambassador arrived in the Kingdom in August 2020 amid the COVID-19 pandemic. He was grateful that the “spirit of lockdown did not last very long.”

While working in the Kingdom and living with his family, Simonnet explored many of Saudi Arabia’s regions.

“Probably one of my fondest experiences is discovering so many provinces,” he said.

A day before sitting down with Arab News, Simonnet was in Tabuk.

“You wouldn’t believe me, but yesterday I was in Tabuk because I wanted to see this province, which is the closest to Europe,” he said.

“And it’s a very interesting part of the Kingdom.”

Though traveling was one of Simonnet’s fondest memories, the ambassador also highlighted the Kingdom’s “hospitality, the kindness of people, their shared interest for history, for cultural exchange.”

He discussed his efforts to strengthen the relationship between Saudi Arabia and the European countries, adding that ties have grown “tremendously well.”

Simonnet said: “I’m very proud of that. I think there’s not a European capital today that does not know what’s happening in the Kingdom in terms of transformation, socio-economic transformation.

“And that, I think, is due to the increased diplomatic exchanges we have seen over the last two or three years.”

The ambassador added that within the last three years, the Kingdom and European countries have witnessed multiple high-level visits and exchanges.

Strategic engagement between Saudi Arabia and the EU has also strengthened.

“I think this understanding — this level of political engagement, has been achieved, and it was not like that before,” he said.

“But then, beyond that, there are our trade and investment relations, which have progressed; our cooperation and coordination and dialogue on regional security issues,” he added.

The ambassador said that cultural cooperation, now flourishing, was previously absent from relations between the Kingdom and EU.

“People to people,” he added.

Looking into the future, the ambassador shed light on the areas of cooperation he hoped to see grow further between the Kingdom and the EU, with “trade first.”

He highlighted the long history of trade ties between Saudi Arabia and the EU, saying: “Trade remains a very important pillar of our relationship.

“It was very good to be able to count on the Kingdom during the energy crisis we started to have after the war in Ukraine, which changed a lot of things for Europe.

“And as you know, we put ourselves a bit in difficulty in terms of our energy supplies. And the Kingdom has kept on exporting oil to Europe and we are thankful for that,” Simonnet added.

He also shared his hopes that the Kingdom and the EU could develop further ties in renewable energy through the mutual objective of green growth.

“We have clearly an enormous interest in starting to trade renewable energy,” he said.

Regional security is another area where Simonnet has witnessed “tremendous progress.”

He said: “I think we have made tremendous progress on mutually understanding our positions on Iran and the JCPOA.

“We work together side by side to bring a political solution to Yemen. There’s a lot we also do to relaunch the Middle East peace process, to keep the two-state solution, which is so important, especially now,” he added.

The stability of the Horn of Africa and Sudan remains a key focus of the EU, with Saudi Arabia playing a key role in that regard.

“We have been very much supporting the efforts of the Kingdom to mediate between the factions. And as you know, the Horn of Africa is very important to us,” he said.

A political solution in Syria remains a common interest, Simonnet said, adding: “I think it’s important to realize that as Europe, we have so many common interests, mutual interests with the Kingdom.”

In the interview, the departing EU ambassador highlighted the five main areas of cooperation between the Kingdom and EU.

“We need to keep having a relationship which is strong in terms of diplomatic engagement, trade and investment, energy, regional security. And I would say cultural and people to people.”

Simonnet summed up his tenure as ambassador to the Kingdom as a “fantastic experience for me, as a family, and I was very happy to be able to discover so many places with my family.

“I made some very good Saudi friends. And I hope and I’m sure I will keep them for long because there’s something very valuable in your culture.

“I want to thank also my colleagues from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and its leadership, because we have a very good working relationship and we have a shared interest in bringing our relationships even further.

“Thank you.”


Surviving the sands: The battle to save Arabian wolves

Updated 13 December 2025
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Surviving the sands: The battle to save Arabian wolves

  • Exploring the wolf’s role in Arabia’s heritage and ecosystem

RIYADH: Wolves are often portrayed in Western stories and films as dangerous, unpredictable predators. In contrast, Arabic perspectives offer a more nuanced view. 

In Saudi Arabia, wolves are admired for their resilience, intelligence, and role in the natural environment. The Arabian wolf, or Canis lupus arabs, is one of the Peninsula’s iconic native predators. 

For centuries, it shaped both ecological and cultural landscapes across Saudi Arabia. However, its population declined in recent decades. Today, conservation efforts led by the National Center for Wildlife aim to protect and restore this species.

Saudi regulations now make it illegal to display, sell, or transport wolves without authorization. NCW’s initiatives include studying wolf genetics, developing breeding programs to restore wild populations, raising public awareness, and imposing fines of up to SR80,000 ($22,000) for unlicensed hunters.

The Arabian wolf, or Canis lupus arabs, is one of the Arabian Peninsula’s iconic native predators. (SPA)

The Arabian wolf is a symbol of the desert and an important component of the Kingdom’s biodiversity. Historically, it inhabited deserts, mountains, and valleys across Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Oman. Unlike wolves from colder regions, it evolved to survive extreme heat, scarce water, and fluctuating prey populations.

“Saudi Arabia’s vast and diverse ecosystems have enabled many wildlife species to thrive, including the Arabian wolf,” NCW notes. The wolf historically helped control populations of rodents, small mammals, and weak or diseased animals, maintaining a balanced ecosystem.

However, the shift from nomadic life to urban settlements and agriculture, alongside expanding human activity, put increasing pressure on the species. 

Habitat loss, conflicts with herders, and hunting practices significantly reduced their natural range. NCW records show numerous cases of injured wolves rescued and rehabilitated, highlighting the challenges they face today.

DID YOU KNOW?

• In Saudi Arabia, hunting wolves without a proper license can result in fines of up to SR80,000.

• Mexican wolves, locally known as ‘El Lobo,’ are critically endangered, despite ongoing reintroduction efforts.

• While recent figures for Saudi Arabia’s wolf population are not available, a 2004 report estimated their numbers at 500-600.

Culturally, the Arabian wolf is admired and feared in equal measure. In Bedouin tradition, it symbolizes independence and intelligence, appearing in poetry and oral stories.

“Two cultures in the world share a similar view of the wolf: Native American and Arab cultures,” said Obaid Alouni, a Saudi environmentalist. “They admired wolves and respected wolves. For example, when they see a wolf and someone has a gun, they don’t kill it even though they could,” he added.

Alouni explained that despite being predators, wolves coexisted with humans in the Arabian Peninsula: “There was a kind of coexistence in the Arabian Peninsula.” Yet livestock owners often feared wolves for preying on sheep and goats, creating a tense relationship between humans and wolves.

This dual perception shaped the wolf’s role in cultural metaphors: it was seen as a mirror of the desert itself — tough, resilient, and adaptable. “Arabs have always sought positive qualities in wolves. For example, one of their characteristics is that wolves understand their pack and sacrifice themselves for them. They do not betray their pack and fight for it, in addition to their loyalty to it,” Alouni explained.

Protecting wolves is crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems. Their presence influences herbivore behavior, supporting a balanced environment. (SPA)

Physically, the Arabian wolf is one of the smallest gray wolf subspecies, adapted to desert life. It weighs 18-25 kilograms and measures 100-110 cm in length. Its large ears reduce heat, a light sandy-gray coat reflects sunlight and camouflages it in the desert, and its diet includes small mammals, birds, and occasionally livestock.

Sadly, the Arabian wolf is classified as endangered due to habitat loss, human conflict, and historical hunting. Alouni noted that hybridization has further reduced the population of purebred Arabian wolves: “Unfortunately, a species is now being circulated that is not the true size of the Arabian wolf. The National Center for Wildlife is currently conducting extensive research to learn more about the Arabian wolf and its true size. The species currently prevalent is shorter in stature.”

Other wolf subspecies include the Gray Wolf, found in North America, Europe, and Asia. It weighs 30–80 kilograms, measures up to 180 cm in length, and is known for its complex social packs. 

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The Arctic Wolf, native to Arctic Canada and Greenland, has a thick white coat, short snout and ears, and survives extreme cold, preying on musk oxen, Arctic hares, and caribou. 

The Indian Wolf, scientifically known as Canis lupus pallipes, inhabits South and West Asia, weighs 20-30 kilograms, and forms small, stealthy packs. 

Finally, the Ethiopian wolf is fox-like, inhabits highlands above 3,000 meters, weighs 13–18 kilograms, and has a reddish coat with white markings. It is one of the world’s rarest wolves, with fewer than 500 individuals in the wild.

Protecting wolves is crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems. As apex predators, they regulate prey populations, prevent overgrazing, maintain plant diversity, and reduce disease spread by feeding on sick or weak animals. Their presence influences herbivore behavior, supporting a balanced environment.

The Arabian wolf is more than a desert predator. It is a cultural symbol, a survivor of harsh landscapes, and a vital component of Saudi Arabia’s ecological identity. The work of the NCW is essential: protecting the Arabian wolf means conserving biodiversity, preserving heritage, and sustaining ecological systems across the Arabian Peninsula.