MOSCOW: Former chess champion and anti-Kremlin activist Garry Kasparov has said he is staying out of Russia over fears he could be put on trial, becoming the latest Russian intellectual to leave the homeland amid a crackdown on the opposition.
Kasparov said in Switzerland he would not be returning to Moscow for the moment because he could be investigated for his role in protests against President Vladimir Putin in the last months.
His comments came after prominent liberal economist Sergei Guriyev stepped down from a number of posts and abruptly left Russia for France last month, fearing he could be arrested after being interrogated by investigators.
The departure of the economist raised concerns about a new exodus of the intellectual elite from Putin’s Russia similar to the brain drain endured by the Soviet Union which lost some of its brightest minds.
“I kept traveling back and forth until late February when it became clear that I might be part of this ongoing investigation of the activities of the political protesters,” Kasparov said on Tuesday at a news conference in Geneva.
“Right now, I have serious doubts that if I return to Moscow I may not be able to travel back. So for the time being I refrain from returning to Russia,” Kasparov added.
He said that over the last one and a half years, Russia had seen “a transition from authoritarian style to one-man dictatorship” under Putin’s rule.
The chess legend has in recent years become an impassioned campaigner against Putin and took part in some of the mass opposition protests against his 13 years in power.
Ivan Tyutrin, an activist with the United Civil Front that Kasparov heads, told BBC Russian that investigators had wanted to question Kasparov over his role in May 2012 protests against Putin on the eve of his inauguration.
The spokesman of the Investigative Committee denied that Kasparov had been summoned and said he presented no interest to the investigation.
“This should make Kasparov happy. But maybe it will annoy him,” Vladimir Markin told the state ITAR-TASS news agency.
After a protest last summer, Kasparov was accused by police of biting an officer on the finger but a criminal probe was not opened.
Some bloggers accused Kasparov of abandoning his homeland but the chess master hit back by saying that “Russia is my home even when I am not able to be there.”
“Please, let no one doubt my commitment to the cause of a free and strong Russia, or doubt for one moment that I am working constantly to achieve that goal,” Kasparov wrote on Facebook.
Top opposition politician and former cabinet minister Boris Nemtsov wrote on Facebook that while he would in no way criticize Kasparov, “I have no intention of leaving and will continue to fight.”
Despite his astonishing achievement in dominating world chess in the 1980s and 1990s, the Baku-born Kasparov never won the hearts of a large number of Russians and many were suspicious of his frequent absences abroad.
The exit of dissident writers, artists and scientists was a major blight for the Soviet Union ever since the Bolshevik revolution as great figures sought to pursue careers elsewhere.
The country lost countless figures of historic importance including the novelist Vladimir Nabokov, the poet Joseph Brodsky and the ballet dancer Mikhail Baryshnikov who all forged major careers in the United States.
The departure of Guriyev, who headed the New Economic School and commanded almost universal respect, was greeted with dismay and concern even from some figures close to the Kremlin.
“If Sergei Guriyev does not return to Russia then this will damage Russian economics and Russian civil society,” said former finance minister Alexei Kudrin who remains close to Putin.
Guriyev left Russia as he feared for his freedom after being repeatedly questioned in the Yukos case that sent anti-Kremlin tycoon Mikhail Khodorkovsky to jail.
Fellow top economist Konstantin Sonin wrote on his blog last month that with the moves of prominent Russian economists Maria Petrova, Ruben Enikolopov and Sergei Popov to foreign universities this year Russia was losing the “color of a whole generation.”
Chess great Kasparov joins exodus from Putin’s Russia
Chess great Kasparov joins exodus from Putin’s Russia
As India claims fourth-largest economy spot, what it means on the ground
- Indian government review says economy grew to $4.19 billion, overtaking Japan
- Claim still needs IMF review as only organized sector counted, economist says
NEW DELHI: When Ramesh Chandra Biswal left his job as a space scientist in the US, he returned to eastern India and ran an agriculture startup on a promise of his country’s rapid economic growth.
Nine years on, as India positions itself as the world’s fourth largest economy, he is still waiting for the promise to come true.
India’s economy was the sixth largest in the world, valued at about $2.6 trillion in 2017, when Biswal launched his Villamart project in his home village in Odisha.
According to calculations in the Indian government’s end-of-year economic review, it has now grown to $4.19 trillion, overtaking Japan’s economy in terms of nominal Gross Domestic Product.
The review also projects that India will overtake Germany to become the world’s third-largest economy within the next three years, trailing only the US and China in economic weight.
But on the ground, Biswal was not sure what the projections meant because they had no impact on his life or business.
“The hype around India becoming the fourth largest economy is not grounded. People cannot relate to that,” he said.
“The number of people here in India is much more than Japan ... We have to improve the per capita income instead of telling the story of being the fourth largest economy.”
Over the years that he has been running his company, Biswal has not noticed much change, but hoped that the news of the country’s growth would at least create a positive hype and motivate everyone.
“People are trying. As an entrepreneur, we are also trying, struggling every day, trying to do something new,” he said.
“I’m getting some respect in society. That way, it is giving me the driving force.”
But not everyone was immediately optimistic. For Sarvesh Sau, a fruit seller in Delhi, it has been increasingly difficult to keep his family afloat.
“Rich people are getting rich, those who have resources ... but a low-income group person like me finds it difficult to manage a decent living despite putting in more than 12 hours of work every day.
“We are a big nation, and we will look big compared to others. Are we able to match Japan?”
The world’s most populous nation, India has about 1.46 billion people and a GDP per capita estimated by the World Bank to be about $2,700. It is about 12 times lower than Japan’s.
Yogendra Kumar, a plumber in Noida, said his income has been rising, but it is consistently outpaced by the cost of living, leaving him feeling poorer over time.
“I have heard that India has become the fourth largest economy, but I don’t know how to react to that. It does not make any difference to our lives. It sounds good that India is growing, but the matter of fact is that for people like me the struggle for survival is more acute now than before,” he said.
“Today I earn more but the inflation takes away all the money, and it makes it difficult to have a comfortable life,” he told Arab News. “Mustard oil was 50 rupees 10 years ago. It is now 200 rupees. A cooking gas cylinder used to cost 500 rupees — now it costs more than double. Everything is so expensive.”
While India’s claim of being the fourth-largest economy is still awaiting review by the International Monetary Fund, Prof. Arun Kumar, a development economist, does not expect it to be confirmed.
“Our GDP data, as the IMF has said, is suspect because it doesn’t include the informal sector ... According to my estimate, we are still the seventh largest economy, just ahead of Italy,” he told Arab News, also estimating India’s actual growth to be much lower than the government’s projection.
“Even though official data shows a 7 percent to 8 percent rate of growth, people realize that it’s not growing so well,” Prof. Kumar said.
“The rate of growth is only of the organized sector, not of the unorganized sector ... The unorganized sector is declining and that is where 94 percent of the employment is.”
