JEDDAH: Global oil prices surged on Monday as Iran continued strikes across the Middle East in response to US and Israeli attacks.
Brent crude jumped 10 percent to over $82 a barrel, but by 1:12 p.m. Saudi time it had pared back to $79.37, which represented a rise of 8.92 percent since the market opened.
US West Texas Intermediate crude climbed to an intraday high of $75.33, up over 12 percent and the highest since June, before dropping to $72.59 — up 8.31 percent on the day.
Benchmark Dutch and British wholesale gas prices soared by almost 50 percent on Monday, after major liquefied natural gas exporter Qatar Energy said it had halted production due to attacks in the Middle East.
LNG market
This significant gas price movement highlights the ongoing volatility in European energy markets and their sensitivity to supply disruptions from major global LNG exporters.
Qatar's position as a major LNG supplier means that any disruption to its supply chain has direct implications for European energy security and pricing dynamics.
The halt in Qatar's LNG supply has created immediate concerns about energy availability in European markets. The 30 percent price surge reflects the heightened sensitivity of European gas markets to supply-side developments and underscores ongoing challenges in maintaining stable pricing amid global supply chain uncertainties.
EU oil supplies unlikely to be immediately affected
The EU has reduced the likelihood of immediate impacts on its oil supplies due to military developments in the Middle East since last Saturday.
The European Commission said in a note sent to EU countries om Monday that it does not expect any immediate effect on the EU’s oil supply security amid the escalating conflict, while urging member states to share their assessments of oil supply security by the end of the day.
Global oil markets have begun issuing their own evaluations of supply flows and prices following the outbreak of military activity in the Middle East, which has affected maritime traffic through the Bab El-Mandeb Strait and the Strait of Hormuz — both major arteries for global oil and LNG exports.
On a typical day, tankers carrying oil equal to about one-fifth of global demand pass through the Strait from Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Iraq, as well as Iran and Kuwait. The waterway also handles diesel, jet fuel and gasoline shipments bound for major Asian markets such as China and India, Reuters reported.
“Markets are acknowledging the seriousness of the conflict, but are also signaling that, for now, this is a geopolitical shock, not a systemic crisis," Reuters quoted Priyanka Sachdeva, senior analyst at Phillip Nova, as saying.
The International Energy Agency is in touch with major producers in the Middle East, director Fatih Birol said on March 1. The energy watchdog coordinates the release of strategic petroleum reserves from developed countries during emergencies.
Globally, visible oil inventories stood at 7.83 billion barrels, enough for 74 days of demand, which is near a historical median, according to Goldman Sachs.
Citi expects Brent to trade between $80 and $90 a barrel this week amid the ongoing conflict. It also warned that if the region’s oil infrastructure were attacked, prices could rise to $120 a barrel, with the likelihood of this scenario estimated at 20 percent.
"Our baseline view is that the conflict could de-escalate within one to two weeks if the Iranian leadership changes or the US decides to step back after achieving its objectives against Iran’s missiles and nuclear program," Citi analysts led by Max Layton wrote.
Saudi intercepts drones near Ras Tanura refinery
Amid a widening wave of Iranian drone and missile strikes on Gulf countries following Tehran’s retaliation for US‑Israeli attacks, the Kingdom said on March 2 it intercepted and destroyed two drones that attempted to strike the Ras Tanura refinery, according to an official statement.
A senior official at the Ministry of Energy said that on March 2, the Ras Tanura oil refinery sustained minor damage from debris caused by the interception of the drones near the facility, according to the Saudi Press Agency, or SPA.
The official added that the incident resulted in a small fire that was promptly handled by emergency teams, emphasizing that no injuries or fatalities were reported.
“Some operational units at the refinery were temporarily shut down as a precaution, but supplies of crude oil and petroleum products to local markets were not affected,” SPA reported, citing the official.
Egypt redirects gas and electricity supplies
Egypt has halted the supply of about 100 million cubic feet of natural gas per day to Syria and Lebanon via the “Arab Gas Pipeline,” following a suspension of supplies it receives from Israel’s Tamar and Leviathan fields in the eastern Mediterranean, according to a government official who spoke to Asharq on condition of anonymity.
The official said Cairo redirected volumes received through the regasification vessel Energeos Force, docked at Jordan’s port of Aqaba, to meet domestic demand and supply Jordan.
The move follows Israel’s suspension of about 1.1 billion cubic feet per day to Egypt and 300 million cubic feet to Jordan.
Egypt had previously agreed with Syria and Lebanon to regasify shipments for their benefit through its infrastructure, supplying 100 million cubic feet per day during the winter months.
Under the arrangement, Syria was to deliver 50 million cubic feet of this gas to Lebanon from its northern fields. These arrangements have now been frozen due to the current supply shortage.
Under the latest developments, Cairo is currently receiving about 300 million cubic feet per day from the Aqaba unit, while Amman receives a similar volume to operate its power plants, compensating for the absence of Israeli gas.
Egypt has increased its electricity exports to Jordan by about 29 percent, raising the supply to 225 megawatts instead of 175 MW, to help stabilize the Kingdom’s power system amid current regional developments, according to a government official who spoke to Asharq.
The official clarified that the increase in exported capacity will not affect domestic needs or loads, according to the assessment of the readiness of the national electricity grid.
