ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will launch a crackdown on smoke-emitting vehicles in the federal capital of Islamabad from Nov. 17 to curb air pollution ahead of the smog season, state media reported on Sunday.

Smog is caused by crop burning, vehicular emissions and industrial pollution. It harms health, reduces visibility and degrades air quality. The smog season begins in late October, peaks from November to January and lasts through February.

In June, Pakistan began emission testing for vehicles entering Islamabad to curb air pollution by measuring exhaust pollutants such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides for compliance with environmental standards.

Authorities will fine and impound vehicles during surprise inspections and on-the-spot emission tests during the crackdown across the federal capital, according to the Associated Press of Pakistan (APP).

“This campaign is not only about enforcement but also awareness,” Muhammad Saleem Shaikh, a climate change ministry spokesperson, was quoted as saying.

“Public education efforts are underway to encourage voluntary compliance and ensure cleaner air for Islamabad’s residents. Protecting ourselves, our families and our environment from the harmful effects of air pollution and smog is a collective responsibility.”

Pakistan’s urban centers routinely rank among the most polluted cities in the world, with vehicular emissions remaining one of the top contributors to urban air pollution, according to the report. This severe air pollution poses a serious threat to public health, undermines economic productivity and diminishes the quality of life for millions of residents.

Shaikh urged all vehicle drivers and owners to cooperate with EPA teams, get their vehicles tested before the crackdown begins next month, and obtain official clearance to avoid penalties.

“We urge citizens to avoid unnecessary use of vehicles, use public transport, ensure regular maintenance to minimize smoke emissions and refrain from burning waste or leaves in open spaces,” he said.