Saudi Arabia tops MENA private equity activity in H1: MAGNiTT
Updated 29 July 2025
Nour El-Shaeri
RIYADH: Saudi Arabia emerged as the most active private equity market in the Middle East and North Africa during the first half of 2025, accounting for 45 percent of all recorded transactions.
According to MAGNiTT’s MENA Private Equity Report, the Kingdom posted 13 deals, an 8 percent increase year on year, outpacing the UAE, which recorded 12 transactions, representing a 25 percent annual decline.
Combined, the two markets comprised 86 percent of total regional PE deal activity, highlighting their growing dominance in the MENA investment landscape.
Overall, the region continued to see a contraction in transaction volumes, with total activity dropping by 38 percent year on year to account for just 29 percent, marking the third consecutive half-year decline.
Disclosed deal value dropped only 11 percent from the first half of the year 2024 to $2.88 billion, as capital shifted toward larger, high-conviction investments.
“The MENA region’s PE recalibration is being led by scale-ready SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) and high-conviction strategies, not withdrawal,” said Farah El-Nahlawi, research department manager at MAGNiTT, adding: “The growing dominance of $100M+ deals signals a maturing landscape ready to absorb larger pools of capital.”
The Kingdom’s PE growth aligns with its venture capital growth. According to a separate report by MAGNiTT, Saudi Arabia led MENA VE activity in early 2025, raising $860 million — a 116 percent year-on-year increase — driven by sovereign backing and rising foreign investor interest.
The report recorded 114 VC deals in the first half of the year, up 31 percent from the same period in 2024, highlighting the broader momentum across the nation’s investment ecosystem and its growing appeal as a capital destination for both private equity and venture capital.
Investor activity varied notably among key markets. In Saudi Arabia, 12 out of 13 transactions involved local investors, highlighting strong domestic momentum.
In contrast, two-thirds of the UAE’s deals — eight out of 12 — were led by international investors, reaffirming the UAE’s role as a regional gateway for cross-border capital.
The concentration of capital into larger deals was a defining trend. Transactions in the $500 million to $1 billion range rose to 29 percent of the total in the first half of 2025, while $1 billion-plus deals accounted for 14 percent — both the highest shares in five years.
At the same time, smaller deals under $50 million dropped to just 14 percent, the lowest level on record.
On a value basis, transactions in the $500 million to $1 billion bracket made up 42 percent of disclosed capital, overtaking the $1 billion-plus segment, which declined from 45 percent in 2024 to 36 percent in the first half of 2025.
This evolution aligns with broader global investment patterns. According to S&P Global, international PE deal value rose 18.7 percent year on year in the first half of 2025 despite a 6 percent decrease in volume, suggesting an industry-wide pivot toward fewer but more substantial transactions.
“Despite global macro uncertainty, the GCC, particularly Saudi Arabia and the UAE, continues to demonstrate structural strength and investor confidence,” El Nahlawi said, adding: “Backed by sovereign support, maturing SMEs, and a favorable regulatory environment, the region is poised to anchor future PE activity.”
Beyond the Kingdom and the UAE, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, and Qatar each recorded a single transaction, jointly accounting for the remaining 14 percent of regional activity. Egypt experienced the sharpest drop, with dealings down 89 percent year on year.
Kingdom’s mineral wealth valued at $2.5tn, positioning mining as a third pillar of the national economy
Updated 07 March 2026
Ghadi Joudah
RIYADH: Saudi Arabia is accelerating its push into mining as part of its economic transformation under Vision 2030, amid the growing importance of critical minerals and rare earths.
The Kingdom’s mineral wealth is valued at $2.5 trillion, positioning mining as a third pillar of the national economy alongside hydrocarbons.
The mining industry could give Saudi Arabia an edge in transition minerals and supply chains by expanding extraction, processing and the logistics needed to move materials to market, according to economists and industry specialists.
Saudi Arabia is home to more than 45 identified minerals, including gold, copper and uranium, according to the Vision 2030 strategy.
Momentum has been supported by measures aimed at making mining easier to invest in and faster to scale, including updated regulations, digital licensing platforms, specialized mining services, and new transport and rail links to mining areas.
Vision 2030 aims to raise mining’s contribution to gross domestic product to SR240 billion ($63 billion) by 2030, create 200,000 direct and indirect jobs, and attract $27 billion in new investment, according to published government targets.
Signs of progress are starting to show in the mining sector in terms of exploration activity, licensing and new discoveries.
“The mining strategy shows it’s working very well, evidenced by the rapid rise in exploration and industrial licenses, and major new mineral discoveries,” Talat Hafiz, an economist and financial analyst, told Arab News.
Saudi Arabia is undertaking the world’s largest geological survey, covering about 700,000 sq. km of the Arabian Shield for $1.5 billion, he said.
The number of mining licenses issued exceeds 2,000, according to official data, and the Kingdom’s mineral wealth is valued at 90 percent higher than it was in 2016 when Vision 2030 was rolled out.
A key milestone highlighted in Vision 2030’s mining strategy was the introduction of a new mining investment law, which reduced the tax rate to 20 percent from 45 percent to spur investment and align the sector with global standards.
The Kingdom’s mining resources position it well to be a critical supplier of raw materials that are integral to energy transition as clean-energy technologies require large volumes of mined materials.
Copper is central to electrification and power networks, while battery supply chains rely on minerals such as nickel and lithium. Phosphate is a key industrial input with wider economic value.
Reliable supplies of metals and minerals used in power grids, batteries and electric vehicles can attract investment and support downstream industry in the Kingdom.
Saudi Arabia’s Jabal Sayid site, northeast of Jeddah, ranks among the world’s top four resources for rare earth elements, Khalid Al-Mudaifer, vice minister of industry and mineral resources for mining affairs, recently told Al Eqtisadiah.
It will help meet Saudi Arabia’s needs for minerals used in magnet manufacturing, EVs and wind energy, while also supporting global supply, including the US market, he said.
Mining can also catalyze investment in the Kingdom, widen supply-chain employment, and boost non-oil exports and private-sector growth, according to economists and policymakers.
Mines, processing plants and the infrastructure around them require large upfront capital spending, creating a pipeline of work across construction, equipment, utilities and logistics.
The mining industry could give Saudi Arabia an edge in transition minerals and supply chains by expanding extraction, processing and the logistics needed to move materials to market. (Shutterstock)
“When a mining sector scales, the economic footprint extends well beyond extraction,” said Turki Al-Nahari, vice president of global mining at Ecolab, told Arab News. “Growth typically occurs across engineering services, industrial water management, logistics, laboratory testing, equipment reliability, environmental services and digital performance systems.
“That shift creates demand for skilled engineers, technicians, data analysts and operational specialists,” he added.
In 2025, Saudi Arabia’s mining exploration budget increased 600 percent to $146 million from $21 million in 2022.
“This growth is driven by ongoing geological surveys, technological advancements and higher exploitation budgets, all of which signal stability and opportunity, attracting foreign investment,” Manraj Lamba, a mining economics analyst at S&P Global, said in a recent report.
Mining projects are easier to finance when the size and quality of the deposit are clear, costs are competitive, and rules and taxes are stable, Abdullah Al-Harbi, an economist familiar with the industry, told Arab News.
Investors want solid feasibility work, credible timelines and evidence a project can stay profitable through swings in commodity prices, Al-Harbi said.
Saudi Arabia’s pipeline includes 24 exploration-stage projects and 17 more advanced developments, according to S&P Global.
“Its proactive approach to geological surveys and resource assessment has uncovered significant potential across gold, copper, phosphate and bauxite,” Lamba said.
Large projects also tend to generate employment across a wider industrial supply chain, including contractors, maintenance, laboratories, transport and a range of operational services.
To boost employment and support hiring and training, Saudi Arabia has moved to standardize job roles and skills for the mining industry.
HIGHLIGHT
Vision 2030 aims to raise mining’s contribution to gross domestic product to SR240 billion ($63 billion) by 2030, create 200,000 direct and indirect jobs, and attract $27 billion in new investment.
The Kingdom rolled out a framework related to employment and skills in the mining industry in January at the Global Labor Market Conference.
The framework is “a tool which ensures clear definitions of occupations and their required skills,” the Kingdom’s Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Bandar Al-Khorayef said. It will cover more than 500 job roles, detail the necessary skills, responsibilities and titles, he added.
Exports from the sector are already rising in tandem with investments to develop the industry and create jobs.
Saudi Arabia exported 5.7 million tonnes of phosphate fertilizer in 2024, up about 6 percent from 2023, according to a GASTAT report.
As the energy transition accelerates, Saudi Arabia’s advantage may be strongest beyond extraction alone.
“Saudi Arabia’s most realistic advantage in the accelerating energy transition lies in combining selective mining with strong processing and refining capabilities, supported by its emerging role as a logistics and supply-chain hub,” Hafiz said.
The Kingdom’s position between Africa, Europe, and Asia favors downstream processing and value-added industries, he added.
“Saudi Arabia is prioritizing minerals that are both financeable and strategically aligned with emerging industries such as electric vehicles and clean energy technologies, where markets are clear, and demand is scalable,” Hafiz said.
Aluminum, phosphate, and similar commodities remain a key focus to support local manufacturing, infrastructure development and downstream industries while strengthening export capacity, he said.
“Once construction concludes, the priority shifts to operational stability and performance optimization,” Al-Nahari said.
“Small efficiency gains, applied consistently across large-scale operations, compound materially over time,” influencing cost as well as uptime and competitiveness over the life of a mine, he added.
As the global race toward electrification and decarbonization accelerates, the Kingdom is effectively positioning itself beyond its oil legacy with its strategic commitment to the minerals sector, which will play a critical role in powering the future.
Its investment in exploration, infrastructure, and downstream processing anchor it as a pivotal supplier in the critical minerals and rare earths value chain in the era of energy transition.
