In Asir, farmers use cattle and plow to keep agricultural heritage alive

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Farmers in Asir believe traditional methods provide greater control while preserving soil fertility and reducing fossil fuel dependence. (SPA)
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This system uses a wooden harness positioned over the bulls’ necks, with 70-cm wooden arms extending through four holes and secured with leather or palm fiber ropes. (SPA)
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Updated 18 April 2025
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In Asir, farmers use cattle and plow to keep agricultural heritage alive

  • Many farmers maintain that despite the available modern equipment, traditional cattle plowing benefits the soil in ways machinery cannot

RIYADH: In Saudi Arabia’s Asir region, farmers still use cattle and hand-crafted tools to tend their land, maintaining traditional techniques passed down through generations, SPA reports.

The farmers carefully prepare their soil during seasonal periods, using either modern machinery or traditional wooden plows.

This process supports soil health for planting seasons, especially on terraced farms where rugged terrain or limited access roads make modern equipment less practical.




Farmers in Asir believe traditional methods provide greater control while preserving soil fertility and reducing fossil fuel dependence. (SPA)

During a recent field visit, SPA correspondents interviewed farmers and regional experts about these enduring practices.

Farmer Mesfer Al-Qahtani and Dr. Abdullah Al-Moussa, a heritage sciences researcher focused on the region’s agricultural calendar, discussed the role of celestial movements in Asir’s farming calendar.

“Farmers in Asir rely on celestial movements and weather patterns to determine optimal plowing and planting times,” Al-Moussa said.




Farmers in Asir believe traditional methods provide greater control while preserving soil fertility and reducing fossil fuel dependence. (SPA)

He noted key seasons, including Al-Dhira’ayn, which signals the start of spring planting; Al-Thuraiya, ideal for corn and millet cultivation; and Al-Han’a, a critical period for soil preparation before autumn.

Al-Qahtani, who plows using cattle and ancestral methods, emphasized the deep connection between astronomical knowledge and agricultural practice.

“We track the seasons and heed our elders’ wisdom. We know when to plow the land and when to let it rest,” he told SPA.




This system uses a wooden harness positioned over the bulls’ necks, with 70-cm wooden arms extending through four holes and secured with leather or palm fiber ropes. (SPA)

He explained that traditional plowing relies on cattle and the plow, adding, “This is not merely technique — it is a lifestyle where we honor the earth and understand its rhythms of giving and resting.”

According to farmer Abdul Karim Al-Shehri, the traditional plowing process begins with securing two bulls using a wooden neck harness called Al-Nir (yoke). This connects to Al-Sikka — a sharp iron plowshare attached to a wooden plow that cuts and turns the soil.

He also outlined the traditional tools that have shaped Asir’s agricultural practices for generations. The plow, typically made from jujube or juniper wood, holds the iron blade that breaks the soil. Farmers have relied on the handheld wooden Al-Madra to guide the plow’s direction during tilling.

The Ruba’a (clevis) or Al-Dimad (drawbar) system connects cattle to the plow, ensuring the optimal distance between the animals for effective field work. This system uses a wooden harness positioned over the bulls’ necks, with 70-cm wooden arms extending through four holes and secured with leather or palm fiber ropes.

Farmer Abdullah Abdulrahman Al-Asmari explained that plowing is usually a team effort. Two farmers work together: One steadies the plow while the other, known as Al-Thari (sower), scatters seeds evenly.

After plowing is complete, the Makam or Al-Madsam (harrow) — a wide, two-meter piece of wood pulled by bulls or camels over the freshly turned earth — is used to level the soil and protect seeds from birds and harsh elements such as wind and heat.

“While we must embrace progress, we cannot abandon Asir’s agricultural heritage,” Al-Asmari said. “Teaching younger generations about our traditional farming methods is essential — these practices were not merely labor but represented the entire way of life that sustained our ancestors for centuries.”

The process involves four distinct phases designed to maximize crop yield and nutritional quality: Initial soil turning, deeper breaking for improved aeration and water absorption, directional plowing to prepare for seeding, and finally, careful seed distribution and coverage.

Many farmers maintain that despite the available modern equipment, traditional cattle plowing benefits the soil in ways machinery cannot.

They believe that it provides greater control using more natural methods while preserving soil fertility and reducing fossil fuel dependence.

In Asir, traditional plowing is more than farming — it embodies cultural identity and sustains people’s timeless bond with the land.

 

 


Art therapy workshop sparks hope for cancer patients 

Updated 22 January 2026
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Art therapy workshop sparks hope for cancer patients 

  • First monthly session was presented by local artist Hanan Al-Ateeq in cooperation with Kalimat House and Sawn Project
  • Gathering brought together women ranging from cancer survivors to those who attended directly from chemotherapy

DHAHRAN: King Fahd University Hospital in the Eastern Province boosted the healing process on Wednesday with the launch of a year-long cultural program supporting cancer patients and survivors through art therapy.

The first monthly session was presented by local artist Hanan Al-Ateeq in cooperation with Kalimat House and Sawn Project. Taking place until December, the program aims to offer fun, playful sessions.

Wednesday’s gathering brought together women ranging from cancer survivors to those who attended directly from chemotherapy. Some picked up a drawing pencil for the first time since childhood, but all were there to get their hands dirty while cleansing their spirits.

Somewhat sullen and quiet at first, the space became a giant canvas of color as the women began to relax, giggle and ask questions, such as which colors to mix to make a particular shade.

Some accidentally dipped their abaya sleeves into the acrylic paint — but luckily it washes out with soap and water. Aside from prayer time, soothing music delicately swirled through the air as the moon peered through the window.

Lina Al-Muhanna, founder and director of the Sawn Project, told Arab News how a deeply personal family experience led her to create the program, which is centered on human connection and emotional support.

The idea grew from her own journey supporting her father during his long cancer battle, a time shaped by hospital visits and moments of isolation. The experience inspired her to help cancer patients to benefit from socializing with the chance to unleash their creative energy away from medical treatments, and she launched the initiative three years ago.

“Today, I honestly feel happy from the very beginning, because Sawn is a dream initiative that I founded,” Al-Muhanna said.

“The main goal of the initiative is to support cancer patients by providing other support to help them accept their condition, which contributes to better healing, alongside their medical treatment, of course.”

The project includes both group-based sessions and cultural and art-related workshops, each carrying a clear message of care, solidarity and encouragement. The program was developed in coordination with the hospital after Al-Muhanna identified a gap in patient support.

“Today was the first session, and it was very exciting. Seeing the patients’ enthusiasm was moving,” she said after Wednesday’s event, with tears filling her eyes.

At its core, Sawn focuses on helping patients navigate the emotional realities of illness — coping with pain, the side effects of treatment, and the sense of disconnection that often accompanies long hospital journeys.

Al-Muhanna told Arab News about a specific patient who attended the art therapy session despite feeling unwell after undergoing chemo just hours earlier.

Concerned for her, Al-Muhanna phoned the patient’s doctor and was told the session would be beneficial. Joining the group, the patient used vibrant pink colors to paint her white canvas.

“That’s why we focused on creating group psychological support, cultural workshops and meaningful activities,” she said, adding that Sawn was aiming to expand remote services and continue evolving in response to patients’ needs.

Kalimat House served as the cultural partner for the initiative, with the workshop led by the organization as part of its year-long cultural programming. Founded in 2014 by cultural visionaries Anfal Al-Hammad and Haifa Al-Owain, it was established with a mission to nurture literature, the arts, and socially driven cultural engagement.

Speaking to Arab News, Al-Hammad told Arab News that Kalimat House’s role as the cultural arm meant it supported arts and culture programming that spans “art workshops, creative writing, workshops, book club sessions and poetry nights.”

She said the decision to take part was rooted in the belief that “arts and culture are tools to self- expression,” particularly for individuals navigating difficult physical and mental healing journeys.

Being part of the program, she added, offered an opportunity to give something back to society, while also engaging participants’ potential and skills by giving them “those tools in order to express themselves also to create artworks from their pain, from their emotions, to support them and their journey.”

Al-Hammad highlighted that Kalimat House’s role focuses on “giving that outlet to those patients, or target audience, and be supportive to them on their journey,” as the initiative launches a full-year program with additional art therapy sessions planned in the months ahead.

Facilitating artist Al-Ateeq, whose practice bridges art, psychology and community-based healing, told Arab News that while she had been drawing since childhood, her relationship with art changed profoundly after the death of her mother in 2017.

That loss, she said, marked a turning point. She stopped doing art while mourning until one day, four years later, she was ready to start again. Since then, she has transformed art from a disciplined practice into a personal tool for healing.

“I always say that perfectionism is what creates blocks,” Al-Ateeq explained, describing how the pressure to achieve “flawlessness” eventually led her to put down the paintbrush.

“Drawing is instinctive,” she said. “Why do we think we need to suffer or struggle to return to art? We are all born artists. It’s our natural state.”

That realization reshaped her approach and now forms the foundation of her art therapy workshops.

“Every human being has the ability to express themselves on a canvas,” she said. “If someone cannot express their thoughts or emotions through words, they can express them through painting.”

Al-Ateeq’s sessions focus on observation as much as instruction. She watched participants’ movements, color choices and hesitations as they paint — details which she says often reveal internal states more honestly than conversation.

“When they draw, they release emotions because no one is judging them,” she said. She added that many patients draw night skies, dark spaces and layer the paint thickly, while others who are in recovery might draw sunshine and vibrant trees.

The hospital setting, she said, was intentional as the workshop was designed specifically for Saudi women undergoing cancer treatment or recovery.

“They are the people who need it most,” Al-Ateeq said. “In Saudi Arabia, I feel that many people come because they don’t have a voice. They carry a lot inside them.”

Many women arrived insisting they did not know how to draw — only to leave changed, with some vowing to continue at home.

“Therapy doesn’t have to be heavy,” explained Al-Ateeq. “It can be joyful. It can be creative. It can be gentle. It can be deep in a beautiful way.”

For her, the goal is not diagnosis or technical mastery, but creating a safe, human space — one where participants leave feeling, as one woman once told her: “Like we left the room and came back different.”

One participant, Samarh “um Turki” Al-Zahrani, said she left the session energized and inspired: “At the beginning, I didn’t know anyone here, but the atmosphere created a sense of excitement. I felt that we all became friends very quickly. The group energy was lovely. I would love to keep doing this and to return to other sessions.

“I surprised myself. I discovered talents within myself that had been buried. I felt a spirit of passion — a spirit that came from the place we were in, from the group, from the sense of closeness and togetherness between us. It was a truly beautiful experience,” she added.

Additional support for the program was provided by SMT Family Counseling Center, Estenarh, the Saudi Cancer Foundation, Al-Rashed Social Responsibility and Vibent.