Pakistan cotton imports set to surge as climate change hits production 

A Pakistani labourer picks cotton in a field in Qazi Ahmed in the district of Nawabshah on September 27, 2017. (AFP/File)
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Updated 12 March 2025
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Pakistan cotton imports set to surge as climate change hits production 

  • Cotton production in Pakistan’s Punjab declined by over 36 percent this year, as per official data 
  • Amid production drop, analyst expects Pakistan’s cotton import bill to surge to $5 billion

KARACHI: Cash-strapped Pakistan’s cotton imports are set to surge this year as irregular weather patterns brought about by climate change effects have significantly lowered production, financial analysts and cotton experts said on Wednesday. 

According to the Pakistan Central Cotton Committee, factories in Pakistan have received 5.51 million bales of cotton as of January this year, a significant decline of 34 percent compared to last year.

Pakistan’s eastern Punjab province, which produces the most cotton out of all provinces in the country, grew 2.7 million bales, showing a decline of more than 36 percent compared to last year.

“The biggest reason for this fall [in cotton production] is climate change,” Khalid Abdullah, Pakistan’s former cotton commissioner, told Arab News. 

Pakistan is recognized as one of the world’s most vulnerable countries to climate change, where over 1,700 people were killed in 2022 after torrential rains triggered flash floods. Islamabad is negotiating for additional financing of $1 billion to $1.5 billion from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to strengthen climate resilience. 

Abdullah said the early cotton sowing method had proved very successful in terms of production in 2023. However, he said when farmers planted cotton after Feb. 15 this year, some of the plants died as the temperature suddenly dropped and it rained in some areas.

“The farmers had to replant cotton which resulted in extra costs on account of seeds and sowing charges,” Abdullah explained

He said re-sowing cotton also resulted in delays which decreased the time window during which cotton remains free from viruses, further impacting its yield. 

Abdullah said another reason for a dismal crop yield this season was the price disruptions caused in the local market, adding that they restricted farmers from investing in cotton, with the government not offering any support price. 

Market uncertainties dampened farmers’ confidence further, who spent less on fertilizer and plant protection measures, he said. 

Financial analysts pointed out that a drop in cotton production would mean the country would spend more on cotton imports this year to support its huge textile industry. 

Textile is a massive earner for Pakistan. During fiscal year 2024, Pakistan exported a whopping $16.7 billion worth of textile goods, according to the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 

To attain these export figures, the country had to import $448 million of raw cotton. This figure was 73 percent lower than $1.68 billion that Pakistan spent on raw cotton imports in FY23.

“Naturally imports are going to be higher due to lower local output of cotton,” Muhammad Waqas Ghani, head of research at Karachi-based investment banking firm JS Global Capital Ltd., told Arab News. 

Naseem Usman, a cotton analyst and chairman at the Karachi Cotton Brokers Forum, said in a report that Pakistan’s cotton import bill could surge to as high as $5 billion this year. 

“This serious drop in cotton production is forcing textile spinners to increase their dependence on imported cotton,” Usman said. 

Rising imports can cause headaches for cash-strapped Pakistan, which is trying to navigate a tricky path to economic recovery from a prolonged macroeconomic crisis by undertaking financial reforms, cutting back on imports and increasing exports. 

Agriculture has an impressive contribution of about 24 percent to Pakistan’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and accounts for nearly half of the country’s employed labor force. 

Currently, the South Asian country has $11 billion in foreign exchange reserves, enough to finance about two months of imports only. 

The IMF, which is currently reviewing Pakistan’s economic progress as part of the $7 billion Extended Fund Facility (EFF) program, wants Islamabad to have an import cover of at least three months. 

Sensing the gravity of the situation, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif formed the Committee on Cotton Crop Production Enhancement, which held its first meeting in Islamabad on Mar. 11.

The food ministry said the committee’s primary focus was to take steps needed to increase cotton production in Pakistan, noting that it had decreased significantly. 


Pakistan charges Baloch activist with ‘terrorism’

Updated 23 March 2025
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Pakistan charges Baloch activist with ‘terrorism’

  • Mahrang Baloch staged sit-in in Quetta on Friday to demand release of members of her group allegedly detained by security forces
  • Pakistan’s military strongly denies Baloch’s accusations of carrying out extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearances of Baloch persons

QUETTA: Pakistan on Sunday charged a Baloch rights activist with terrorism, sedition and murder after she led a demonstration which ended in the death of three protesters, according to police documents.

Mahrang Baloch, one of Pakistan’s most prominent human rights advocates, has long campaigned for the Baloch ethnic group, which claims it has been targeted by Islamabad with harassment and extrajudicial killings.

Pakistan’s military and the central government in Islamabad strongly refute her allegations. 

Pakistan has been battling a separatist insurgency in Balochistan for decades, where militants target state forces and foreign nationals in the mineral-rich southwestern province bordering Afghanistan and Iran.

On Friday, she and other activists took part in a sit-in protest outside the University of Balochistan in the provincial capital of Quetta.

They demanded the release of members of their support group, whom they allege had been detained by security agencies.

Police launched a pre-dawn raid on Saturday, arresting Baloch and other activists, during which at least three protesters died. Both sides blamed each other for the deaths.

Mary Lawlor, the United Nations special rapporteur on human rights defenders, said she was “very concerned” at Baloch’s arrest.

Baloch and other protesters have been charged with terrorism, sedition and murder, according to the police charge sheet seen by AFP.

Hamza Shafqaat, a senior administrative official in Quetta, said that Baloch and other activists were held under public order laws.

Her lawyer, Imran Baloch, confirmed she was detained in a jail in Quetta.

Baloch was barred from traveling to the United States last year to attend a TIME magazine awards gala of “rising leaders.”

Protests among the Baloch are often led by women. Baloch, now in her 30s, began her activist career aged 16 when her father went missing in what his supporters said was an alleged “enforced disappearance.” His body was found two years later.

Earlier in March, the separatist Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) — which accuses outsiders of plundering the province’s natural resources — launched a dramatic train siege that officials said ended in around 60 deaths, half of whom were separatists behind the assault.


President Zardari confers civil awards on 69 Pakistani and foreign nationals

Updated 23 March 2025
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President Zardari confers civil awards on 69 Pakistani and foreign nationals

  • Asif Zardari confers awards during investiture ceremony on Pakistan’s Republic Day 
  • Former PM Zulfikar Ali Bhutto posthumously awarded Nishan-e-Pakistan award

ISLAMABAD: President Asif Ali Zardari on Sunday conferred the country’s top civil awards on 69 Pakistani and foreign nationals in recognition of their services in their respective fields, the state-run Associated Press of Pakistan (APP) said. 

The awards were conferred at an investiture ceremony held to mark Pakistan’s Republic Day celebrated every year on Mar. 23 in the capital city of Islamabad. 

The ceremony was held at the Aiwan e Sadr or the official residence of the president, in which different personalities were decorated with civil awards in recognition of their services in health, education, literature, journalism, public, research, diplomatic matters and economy.

“President Asif Ali Zardari on Sunday conferred Pakistan’s civil awards upon 69 personalities including Pakistani nationals and foreigners in recognition of their outstanding services in various fields,” APP said. 

Late former prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who was also the founder of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) led by Zardari, was posthumously awarded the Nishan-e-Pakistan award. His daughter Sanam Bhutto, Zardari’s sister-in-law, received the award on her father’s behalf. 

Bhutto was hanged on April 4, 1979, in Rawalpindi District Jail, where he had been confined since his conviction on charges of conspiring to murder a political opponent. The charismatic, Western-educated leader served as the fourth president of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973, and later as the country’s ninth prime minister from 1973 to 1977. 

He was ousted in a military coup by General Mohammad Zia-ul-Haq on July 5, 1977, following an election in which Bhutto is widely charged with having rigged the vote.

Legal experts have for years questioned Bhutto’s trial both in the Lahore High Court and the Supreme Court, and raised questions on the conduct and procedure of the hearings, as well as on the fact that they took place while Pakistan was under military rule. Analysts argue this is the reason Bhutto’s death penalty judgment has never been cited as a precedent in any subsequent case in Pakistan’s judicial history.

Pakistan’s top court, in a landmark verdict in March last year, admitted Bhutto did not get a fair trial. 

The foreign nationals who were awarded by the president include Hyder Qurbanov and Dr. Christine Brunhilde, who received the Sitara-e-Quaid-e-Azam award, while Agostino Da Polenza and Professor Valeria Picacentini were issued the Tamgha-e-Pakistan, and Dr. Xinmin Liu was awarded the Tamgha-e-Quaid-e-Azam.

Separately, Zardari granted military awards to Military awards to the officers and soldiers of the Pakistan Army, Navy and Air Force.

These awards included two Sitara-i-Basalat, 227 Tamgha-i-Basalat, 82 Imtiazi Asnad, 185 Chief of Army Staff Commendation Cards, 23 Hilal-i-Imtiaz (Military), 112 Sitara-i-Imtiaz (Military) and 133 Tamgha-i-Imtiaz (Military) awards.


Peace in Afghanistan necessary for regional stability, says Pakistani envoy amid surging tensions

Updated 23 March 2025
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Peace in Afghanistan necessary for regional stability, says Pakistani envoy amid surging tensions

  • Muhammad Sadiq Khan is on a three-day visit to Afghanistan to discuss bilateral matters amid surging militancy 
  • Army says 16 militants attempting to enter Pakistan via Afghanistan gunned down in North Waziristan district

ISLAMABAD: Peace and progress in Afghanistan are necessary for regional stability, Pakistan’s special envoy Muhammad Sadiq Khan said on Sunday, amid rising tensions between the neighboring countries due to militancy. 

Khan, Pakistan’s special representative to Afghanistan, is on a three-day visit to the country to discuss bilateral matters with Afghan officials. His visit takes place amid tense relations between the two countries due to a mix of security, political and border issues, with Islamabad accusing the Taliban-led interim government in Kabul of providing safe haven to anti-Pakistan militant groups facilitating cross-border attacks. Kabul has denied the allegations.

The friction escalated after a recent targeting of a passenger train in Pakistan’s southwestern Balochistan province, claimed by the separatist Baloch Liberation Army (BLA). Pakistani officials said the BLA fighters remained in contact with “handlers” based in Afghanistan during the attack that lasted for two days and involved hundreds of hostages.

“Peace and progress in Afghanistan is essential for regional stability,” Khan was quoted as saying by Pakistan’s embassy in Kabul on the occasion of Pakistan’s Republic Day. 

“Pakistan and Afghanistan must synergize their efforts to foster regional economic development.”

Pakistan’s special envoy, Muhammad Sadiq Khan, attends the flag hoisting ceremony at Pakistan's embassy in Kabul on March 23, 2025, on Republic Day. (Muhammad Sadiq Khan/X)

The Pakistani envoy described Afghanistan as “one of the most important regional partners” of his country, stressing the need for both to work together to enhance bilateral trade and regional connectivity. 

“Pakistan remains committed to a strong and mutually beneficial bilateral relationship with Afghanistan,” Khan said.

Meanwhile, Pakistan’s military said in a statement on Sunday that it gunned down 16 militants who attempted to cross into Pakistan from Afghanistan on the night between Mar. 22-23 in the North Waziristan district. 

“Pakistan has consistently been asking Interim Afghan Government to ensure effective border management on their side of the border,” the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR), the military’s media wing, said.

“Interim Afghan Government is expected to fulfil its obligations and deny the use of Afghan soil by Khwarij for perpetuating acts of terrorism against Pakistan.”

The ISPR said Pakistan’s security forces are committed to securing its borders and eliminating “terrorism” from the country.

Pakistan’s ties with Afghanistan were also strained after the former launched a nationwide deportation campaign targeting undocumented foreigners, mostly Afghans, in November 2023, shortly after a series of deadly suicide bombings that officials blamed on Afghan nationals.

The move, which added to diplomatic tensions between the two countries, has so far led to the repatriation of more than 800,000 Afghans. Many of them had lived in Pakistan since fleeing the Soviet invasion of their country in 1979.

The Pakistani government earlier this month also directed Afghanistan Citizen Card holders to leave the country by March 31, warning they would face deportation if they failed to comply.


In Pakistani capital, Ramadan night festival showcases over 100 small businesses

Updated 23 March 2025
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In Pakistani capital, Ramadan night festival showcases over 100 small businesses

  • ‘Winter Fete Suhoor and Eid Night Bazaar’ event features businesses selling home decor, food, textiles and fashion accessories
  • Entrepreneurs praise festival for helping establish relationships with potential customers, building brand awareness 

ISLAMABAD: A vibrant Ramadan festival held in Pakistan’s capital city Islamabad this week featured over 100 small businesses and their products ranging from handcrafted textiles to homemade food items, bringing together entrepreneurs, food lovers and eager shoppers. 

The ‘Winter Fete Suhoor and Eid Night Bazaar,’ initially conceived as an annual event, has now grown into a bi-monthly tradition. It offers a vital launching pad for startups and home-based businesses to showcase their products. 

The latest edition of the festival was held at founder Sabeen Abdal’s house in Islamabad on Saturday, Mar. 22, from 6:00pm to 1:30am. It featured an eclectic mix of businesses selling home decor, handcrafted textiles, food items and fashion accessories.

“We started this as an opportunity for startups who don’t have storefronts to showcase their products,” Abdal told Arab News. 

“There’s a big shortage of such events in our city, so now we host an event every two months,” she explained. “Many of our vendors are women-led businesses and startups, which makes this even more special.”

A visitor inspects clothes at ‘Winter Fete Suhoor and Eid Night Bazaar’ event in Islamabad, Pakistan, on March 22, 2025. (AN photo)

Zara Nadeem, an entrepreneur whose business specializes in wardrobes and home decor, agreed. She said the festival was an opportunity for entrepreneurs such as herself to engage with potential customers.

“Events like this help us create brand awareness and consolidate our brand,” Nadeem, who recently opened her first showroom, said. 

“We are trying to shift the mindset that quality only comes from imported products. We want to produce high-quality items locally in Pakistan.”

A vendor awaits customers at her mehndi stall at the ‘Winter Fete Suhoor and Eid Night Bazaar’ event in Islamabad, Pakistan, on March 22, 2025. (AN photo)

Jumana Vijlani, an entrepreneur who recently launched her fashion jewelry business, said the festival was proving to be a stepping stone for her to gain much-needed brand exposure.

“We are a new startup, and it has only been a few months since we began,” Vijlani said. “Events like these provide us with much-needed opportunities to advertise and boost our sales.”

Beyond shopping, the festival served as a lively social gathering where visitors connected with friends and family while supporting small businesses. 

The food stalls were a major attraction, offering popular Ramadan treats such as dahi bhallay, chaats, and traditional teas.

Hina Raza, the owner of a home-based food business, shared how such festivals play a crucial role in motivating her to pursue her passion for cooking after leaving her teaching career. 

“A year ago, I left teaching to pursue this full-time, and events like this not only help us financially but also motivate and uplift us,” Raza said. 


Pakistan PM says will announce relief in electricity costs ‘soon’ 

Updated 23 March 2025
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Pakistan PM says will announce relief in electricity costs ‘soon’ 

  • Shehbaz Sharif chairs high-level meeting on matters relating to Pakistan’s Power Division
  • Pakistan’s energy sector has struggled with financial strain due to circular debt, power theft

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif said on Sunday he would “soon” announce a comprehensive package providing relief to the masses in terms of electricity prices, state-run media reported. 

Pakistan has aggressively pursued reforms in its energy sector, which has long struggled with financial strain due to circular debt, power theft and transmission losses. These problems have led to blackouts and high electricity costs in the country.

Sharif chaired a meeting in Islamabad to review matters related to the Power Division on Sunday, state broadcaster Radio Pakistan reported. 

“Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif says a comprehensive package will be announced soon to provide relief to the public in electricity costs,” the state broadcaster said.

Sharif said his government would be able to provide more relief to the people in prices of electricity due to its recent power reforms. 

He directed authorities to expedite the process of privatizing power distribution companies, urging them to resolve legal or other matters relating to the liquidation of power generation companies.

The Pakistani premier said promoting renewable energy was a “priority” of his government, clarifying that there is no change in the government’s policy on solar energy.

The clarification comes as Pakistan’s Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) earlier this month revised the buyback rate for solar net-metering electricity from Rs27 per unit to Rs10 per unit, saying the move was intended to ease the burden on grid consumers. 

Pakistan has sought to ease fiscal pressure aggressively in recent months by undertaking energy reforms that reduce tariffs and slash capacity payments to independent power producers (IPPs). 

The federal cabinet approved a plan in January to renegotiate agreements with 14 IPPs in its bid to lower electricity costs and address the country’s mounting circular debt.