KARACHI: Pakistan is negotiating for additional financing of $1 billion to $1.5 billion from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to strengthen climate resilience, a senior government functionary said on Tuesday night, as discussions between the two sides continue over the issue.
Last year, Pakistan secured a $7 billion loan under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) to continue structural reforms and consolidate macroeconomic gains achieved in the past two years through stringent financial measures.
Ranked among the ten most vulnerable countries to climate change, Pakistan has suffered extreme weather events, including floods, droughts and heatwaves, causing significant loss of life in recent years along with billions of dollars in damage to infrastructure. The 2022 floods alone inflicted losses exceeding $35 billion, prompting the government to seek international assistance for rebuilding homes and public property while investing in climate resilience projects.
Islamabad is now looking to tap into the IMF’s climate financing under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF) and is engaged in talks with a four-member technical team that arrived in the capital on Monday.
“The IMF team is here and discussions are underway for climate financing,” said a senior government official privy to the talks, speaking on condition of anonymity. “Pakistan is seeking about $1 billion to $1.5 billion from the Fund.”
He added the ongoing discussions were expected to conclude “by Friday,” with further details likely to emerge by then.
The RSF, introduced in 2022, aims to provide longer-term, affordable financing to IMF member states facing climate-related and sustainability challenges.
Countries qualify based on their vulnerability to climate shocks and commitment to policy reforms that address these risks and enhance resilience.
The facility typically requires nations to adopt structural policies, such as regulatory reforms and climate adaptation measures, which are monitored periodically to ensure compliance with agreed objectives before disbursements are approved.
Meanwhile, another IMF team is expected to arrive in Pakistan at the beginning of March to conduct a biannual review under the $7 billion EFF program.
Using space science to protect Saudi Arabia’s environment
Kingdom is harnessing satellite technology to forecast disasters, boost agriculture
Updated 02 January 2026
Haifa Alshammari
RIYADH: Learning space science has delivered significant environmental benefits worldwide, helping many countries better understand and manage climate challenges.
Saudi Arabia is now taking steps not only to explore the galaxy but also to invest in future generations who can apply space science to pressing environmental issues at home.
Last November, the Space Academy, part of the Saudi Space Agency, launched a series of seminars designed to enhance knowledge and develop skills in space science and technology, with a particular focus on Earth observation.
Running for nearly a month, the program formed part of a broader strategy to nurture national talent, raise scientific awareness, and build data capabilities that support innovation and research across the Kingdom.
Developing space sector can eventually help reduce some of the critical climate issues such as drought and air pollution. (AFP)
As efforts to strengthen the sector continue, important questions remain: How can space science translate into tangible environmental benefits? And how large is the global space economy?
In an interview with Arab News, Fahad Alhussain, co-founder of SeedFord, highlighted the scale of the opportunity and its environmental impact.
“To be frank, the slogan that we always use in space is that ‘saving the Earth from the space.’ It is all about this,” Alhusain told Arab News.
“You can recall a lot of related environmental issues like global warming, related to forests, related to the damage that happens to the environment. Without space, it would be almost impossible to see the magnitude of these damages.”
According to Alhussain, satellites have transformed how experts observe environmental changes on Earth, offering a comprehensive view that was previously impossible.
“By collecting data and using satellites… You can better analyze and measure so many things that help the environment,” said Fahad Alhussain. (Supplied)
He said that “the transformation of technology allows even the non-optical ways of measuring, assessing, and discovering what is going on in the environment … you can even anticipate fire before it happens in the forest.”
“You can detect the ice-melt down, you can get huge amount of information and can see it through the weather maps…there is a huge section in the economy for the environment,” Alhussain commented.
A 2022 report by Ryan Brukardt, a senior partner at McKinsey & Company, published by McKinsey Quarterly, found that more than 160 satellites currently monitor Earth to assess the impacts of global warming and detect activities such as illegal logging.
Brukardt cited NASA as an example of how advanced satellite tools are used to track environmental changes, including shifts in ocean conditions, cloud cover, and precipitation patterns. He also noted that satellite data can help governments determine when immediate action is needed, particularly in response to wildfires.
FASTFACT
Did You Know?
Satellites collect massive amounts of data, and AI is used to help interpret this information more efficiently and predict future outcomes.
The global space economy surpassed $600 billion in 2024 and is projected to exceed $1 trillion by 2030.
Saudi Arabia has established three key entities: the Supreme Space Council, the Saudi Space Agency, and the Communications, Space, and Technology Commission.
Beyond disaster response, satellites offer vital insights for agriculture. According to Brukardt’s report, scientists can use space-based data to monitor crop development and anticipate threats to harvests, such as drought or insect infestations.
These wide-ranging applications explain the rapid growth of the global space economy.
According to World Economic Forum research, the sector is projected to reach $1.8 trillion by 2035, nearly tripling from $630 billion in 2023.
A deeper understanding of space and its applications offers Saudi Arabia, and the world, better tools to anticipate climate challenges, protect ecosystems, and safeguard biodiversity. (Supplied)
For Saudi Arabia, expanding space science capabilities could help address the country’s arid conditions by monitoring desertification and identifying sources of air pollution. Early detection of droughts, heatwaves, and crop stress could support more effective environmental planning and response.
Space-based data could also play a critical role in tracking environmental changes in the Red Sea and surrounding coastal ecosystems, strengthening marine conservation efforts and supporting the Sustainable Development Agenda.
As Alhussain emphasized, advancing knowledge in space science and satellite technology enables experts to measure environmental damage accurately and predict disasters before they occur, allowing for more effective responses.
By investing in space science education and research, the Kingdom can build national expertise, strengthen environmental protection policies, enhance food and water security, and contribute to global efforts to combat climate change—while also benefiting from the rapidly expanding space economy.
Ultimately, a deeper understanding of space and its applications offers Saudi Arabia, and the world, better tools to anticipate climate challenges, protect ecosystems, and safeguard biodiversity.
“By collecting data and using satellites, you can better analyze and measure so many things that help the environment,” said Alhussain.
“There will be patterns where you can warn people, scientists and decision makers to do something about it.”
