WASHINGTON: US and Russian participants have met in Switzerland for unofficial talks about the Ukraine war in recent months, including as recently as last week, three sources with knowledge of the matter said.
While the attendees have diplomatic and security experience, they are not government officials and it was not immediately clear if any were sent by their governments, two of the sources said. The sources declined to identify the attendees. The sources described the talks as a side channel with some contacts occurring during the transition period following US President Donald Trump’s Nov. 5 election victory.
At least a small number of advisers to Trump are aware of the encounters, said one of the sources, who had direct knowledge of the matter.
Many other details remain unclear, including whether Ukrainians were present, when the encounters began and what the meetings’ agendas covered.
But the previously undisclosed meetings highlight behind-the-scenes US and Russian efforts to explore ways to end the Ukraine war despite a near-freeze on official contact under Trump’s predecessor, former President Joe Biden. Trump, in office for just a month, has upended the US approach toward the three-year-old Ukraine conflict, engaging directly with Russian President Vladimir Putin and pushing for a quick deal to end the war. On Tuesday, top US officials met with Russian officials in Saudi Arabia, including Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov.
One of the sources described the Switzerland talks as “Track Two” discussions — diplomatic parlance for unofficial dialogue geared toward improving communication and floating ideas, rather than developing concrete proposals.
The White House National Security Council, the Ukrainian government and Russia’s foreign ministry did not respond to requests for comment.
The Swiss foreign ministry said meetings are regularly held in Switzerland between parties involved in the Ukraine conflict on a Track Two basis, and that it was informed of them.
Organized by non-state actors, they enabled exchanges not directly involving governments, it said in a statement.
“These activities help to sustain diplomatic efforts relating to the conflict,” the ministry said.
Two of the sources said at least one encounter took place in Geneva during last week’s Munich Security Conference, a gathering of international political leaders and security chiefs in the German city. Reuters reported last year on separate Track Two talks in 2023 and early 2024, when Putin sent signals that he was willing to consider a ceasefire in Ukraine. Those talks appeared to come to nothing.
Historically, Track Two talks have helped build dialogue among deeply distrustful counterparties in the hope that better communication might lead to diplomatic breakthroughs.
In 2023, NBC reported that former US national security officials held secret talks with Russians believed to be close to the Kremlin, with some members eventually meeting with Lavrov, the foreign minister.
One of the sources suggested Track Two talks may have lost much of their relevance as US and Russian officials have established official channels of dialogue in recent weeks.
Americans, Russians have discussed Ukraine war through Swiss side channel, sources say
Americans, Russians have discussed Ukraine war through Swiss side channel, sources say
- Talks described as ‘Track Two’ conversations
- Attendees not government officials, unclear if they were sent by governments
Dreams on hold for Rohingya children in Bangladesh camps
- Around half a million children live in the camps housing the waves of Rohingya who have escaped Myanmar in recent years, many during a brutal military crackdown in 2017
COX’S BAZAR: Books tucked under their arms, children file into a small classroom in Bangladesh’s vast refugee camps, home to more than a million Rohingya who have fled neighboring Myanmar.
“They still dream of becoming pilots, doctors or engineers,” said their teacher Mohammad Amin, standing in front of a crowded schoolroom in Cox’s Bazar.
“But we don’t know if they will ever reach their goals with the limited opportunities available.”
Around half a million children live in the camps housing the waves of Rohingya who have escaped Myanmar in recent years, many during a brutal military crackdown in 2017. The campaign, which saw Rohingya villages burned and civilians killed, is the subject of a genocide case at the UN top court in The Hague, where hearings opened on Monday.
In the aftermath of the 2017 exodus, international aid groups and UNICEF, the UN’s children’s agency, rushed to open schools.
By 2024, UNICEF and its partners were running more than 6,500 learning centers across the Cox’s Bazar camps, educating up to 300,000 children. But the system is severely overstretched. “The current system provides three hours of instruction per day for children,” said Faria Selim of UNICEF. “The daily contact hours are not enough.”
Khin Maung, a member of the United Council of Rohingya which represents refugees in the camps, said the education on offer leaves students ill-prepared to re-enter Myanmar’s school system should they return. “There is a severe shortage of teachers in the camps,” he said.
Hashim Ullah, 30, is the only teacher at a primary school run by an aid agency.
“I teach Burmese language, mathematics, science and life skills to 65 students in two shifts. I am not an expert in all subjects,” he said.
Such shortcomings are not lost on parents. For them, education represents their children’s only escape from the risks that stalk camp life — malnutrition, early marriage, child labor, trafficking, abduction or forced recruitment into one of the armed groups in Myanmar’s civil war.
As a result, some families supplement the aid-run schools with extra classes organized by members of their own community.
“At dawn and dusk, older children go to community-based high schools,” said father-of-seven Jamil Ahmad.
“They have good teachers,” and the only requirement is a modest tuition fee, which Jamil said he covered by selling part of his monthly food rations.
“Bangladesh is a small country with limited opportunities,” he said. “I’m glad that they have been hosting us.”
Fifteen-year-old Hamima Begum has followed the same path, attending both an aid-run school and a community high school.
“I want to go to college,” she said. “I am aiming to study human rights, justice, and peace — and someday I will help my community in their repatriation.”
But such schools are far too few to meet demand, especially for older children.
A 2024 assessment by a consortium of aid agencies and UN bodies concluded that school attendance falls from about 70 percent among children aged five to 14, to less than 20 percent among those aged 15 to 18.
Girls are particularly badly affected, according to the study.
