BBC raids show India’s shrinking media freedom under Modi, some journalists say

In this file photo taken on January 24, 2023, people watch the BBC documentary "India: The Modi Question", on a screen installed at the Marine Drive junction under the direction of the district Congress committee, in Kochi. (AFP)
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Updated 05 March 2023
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BBC raids show India’s shrinking media freedom under Modi, some journalists say

  • Reuters spoke to eight Indian journalists, industry executives and media analysts who said that some media which reported critically on the government have been targeted with inspections by government agencies

NEW DELHI: At around 11 a.m. on Feb 14, some 20 Indian tax officials and police burst into the BBC's offices in New Delhi, shouting at staff to step away from their computers and hand over their mobile phones, according to two people present.
At the company's bureau in India's financial capital, Mumbai, tax officials launched a second raid. The government said the BBC had failed to respond to repeated requests to clarify its tax affairs related to the profits and remittances from its Indian operations.
The BBC has said it is cooperating fully with tax authorities and hopes to resolve matters quickly, adding its journalists would continue to report "without fear or favour". It declined to comment for this story.
Three weeks before the raids - which the government called a "survey" - the BBC released a two-part documentary that included an examination of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's role in sectarian riots in his home state of Gujarat in 2002 when he was chief minister there. The documentary, which was only broadcast in Britain, accused Modi of fostering a climate of impunity that fuelled the violence.
Modi's government has called the documentary "biased" and reflecting a "colonial mindset". Foreign Minister S. Jaishankar told the ANI news agency last week it was "politics by another means" and suggested its timing was intended to undermine support for Modi. The BBC has said it stands by the reporting.
The 72-year-old prime minister enjoys high approval ratings and is expected to run for reelection next year for the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
In late January, Indian authorities ordered the removal of social media posts sharing the documentary and police detained some Indian students who tried to screen it, saying it would disturb the peace. They were released shortly afterwards.
The tax inspections at the BBC's offices - during which officials cloned the mobile phones of some senior staff and searched computers, according to the two people present - have highlighted the concerns of some journalists and media rights watchdogs about what they say is a decline in press freedom under Modi.
Reuters spoke to eight Indian journalists, industry executives and media analysts who said that some media which reported critically on the government have been targeted with inspections by government agencies, the suspension of state advertising, and the arrest of reporters.
"There's never been a golden age of Indian journalism," said Abhinandan Sekhri, chief executive of independent online media group, Newslaundry, whose offices in New Delhi were surveyed twice by tax officials in 2021 after critical coverage of Modi's administration. "But it has never been like it is now."
A criminal case filed by the tax department against Sekhri alleging tax evasion and forging a valuation report was thrown out by a judge in Delhi in November. Sekhri has sued the government for attacks on his fundamental rights and freedom of expression; the case is being heard in the Delhi High court.
Modi's government has vigorously denied the BBC tax inspection - the first against an international news organisation in decades - was a response to the film.
"The BBC operates under two private companies in India: like any other foreign company, they are open to scrutiny and tax laws apply to them," said Kanchan Gupta, senior adviser to the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. The BBC had received more than 10 tax notices before the documentary aired, he said.
Reuters was unable to confirm this independently. The tax agency did not respond to request for comment for this story.
Since Modi took office in 2014, India has slid from 140th in World Press Freedom Index, an annual ranking by non-profit Reporters Without Borders, to 150th place last year, its lowest ever.
Modi's government rejects the Index's findings, questioning its methodology, and says India has a vibrant free press.
The world's most populous democracy with 1.4 billion people, India has thousands of newspapers and hundreds of TV news channels.
Gupta, the advisor to the information ministry, denied any government agency had targeted the media in response to coverage, or suspended any advertising. He said the government had stated repeatedly that harassment of journalists was unacceptable and against the law.

CHOKING FUNDS
The Editors Guild of India, an industry association, said the BBC raids were part of a trend of "government agencies being used to intimidate and harass news organisations." It cited four similar tax inspections against media in 2021.
In one of those, the offices of Dainik Bhaskar, one of India's largest newspapers by circulation, were raided in July 2021 by tax authorities, who alleged it evaded taxes on income worth 7 billion Indian rupees ($84.47 million). The paper has contested the charge and the case is ongoing.
The newspaper - part of DB Corp, one of India's largest newspaper groups – had published a series of articles alleging authorities mishandled the COVID-19 pandemic and underreported deaths. The government has denied mistakes in its response and undercounting.
A senior Dainik Bhaskar executive, who asked not to be identified because of the sensitivity of the issue, said the raids followed an unexplained halt in advertising by the federal government and six BJP-controlled states from February 2021. The suspension lasted until August 2022 and cost the newspaper more than 1 billion rupees ($12.25 million), he said.
A spokesman for the newspaper declined to comment. The state governments did not respond to requests for comment. Asked about the case, Gupta, the senior advisor at the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, said the government did not pull advertising because of critical reporting.
In a report last year, Reporters Without Borders said that, despite high readership, many Indian news organisations were vulnerable to economic pressure because of their reliance on government advertising.
The acquisition of some media groups by billionaires seen as close to Modi has also led to the silencing of independent voices in the Indian press, it said.
Between 2014 and early December 2022, the federal government spent 64.9 billion Indian rupees ($784.34 million) on advertising in print and electronic media, it said in a statement to parliament at the end of last year. However, the figures showed spending has declined in recent years.
Gupta said there had been complaints after the government reduced its advertising spending but that was not an assault on media freedom.
"Government doesn't exist to fund media. We don't want a media which is loyal to us or beholden to us because of the money that we give them," he said.
'CRITICS AS AN ENEMY'
Reports from international press freedom watchdogs, including the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), say that - in addition to the financial pressures on media organizations - the federal and state governments in India have detained an increasing number of journalists for their reporting.
At least seven journalists remained behind bars in India as of December, the highest number in 30 years, according to the CPJ’s annual global tracker released on Dec 14.
In some instances, reporters have been detained by state governments - which control local police forces - after reporting on minor issues.
On March 29, 2022, Ajeet Ojha, a reporter with the Hindi-language newspaper Amar Ujala in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, wrote a story about high school examination test papers being leaked to students in advance in the town of Balia. Ojha wrote that an investigation into who leaked the papers was ongoing.
The next day, the 42-year-old reporter was arrested by police and accused of leaking the test papers himself, according to the police report, reviewed by Reuters.
"I spent 27 nights in jail," Ojha said, adding that he is still accused on two counts, though police dropped some criminal charges. Balia police did not respond to requests for comment.
Gyanendra Shukla, a veteran reporter who led the campaign for Ojha's release, said the BJP-controlled state government viewed "critics as an enemy".
"They have forgotten that the work of a journalist is to highlight problems and criticise the system," he said.
The Uttar Pradesh government did not respond to requests for comment. Gupta, the ministry advisor, said the arrest was a matter for the state authorities.

 


Saudi who swapped ejection seats for tech reviews — and topped KSA charts 

Updated 19 December 2025
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Saudi who swapped ejection seats for tech reviews — and topped KSA charts 

  • In an exclusive interview with Arab News, the host of ‘2You’ and ‘Up To Date KSA’ talks about digital wellness, AI’s future, and his plans to fill the gap in Arabic tech content 
  • Top Arab content creator in Saudi Arabia’s 2025 top 10 most-viewed YouTube channels describes milestone as ‘shockingly’ positive 

LONDON: Speaking to Faisal Al-Saif, a self-described tech lover, one of the least likely things you expect to hear is advice on disconnecting from technology. 

Yet the idea of a “tech diet” — more commonly known as digital wellbeing — takes on added weight when it comes from someone whose work revolves around gadgets and who relies on social media as their primary platform. 

Beyond this seemingly analytical, Web 1.0-style perspective, Al-Saif draws on more than two decades of experience as a tech expert — or, in today’s terms, a content creator. 

“I’m an early believer that technology is here to connect us more, to make the world even smaller than what it is, and make us just more active, more productive, and have more time for our religion, for our families and for our actual lives,” Al-Saif told Arab News. 

Al-Saif trained as an aircraft engineer at BAE Systems, where he specialized in ejection seats for Royal Saudi Air Force jets, before entering broadcasting in 2004, hosting and producing KSA2’s English-language “2You” and, later, the technology show “Up To Date KSA.” 

In 2009, he pivoted to YouTube — a platform with more limited reach and no monetization at the time — to help fill the gap in Arabic tech content. 

“Back then, if you searched about a device or a system or a piece of information, the main language you would find the result in was English. So, I just started creating a channel and putting some good content in (both) Arabic and in English,” he said. 

This approach required filming videos twice. Initially, videos in English drew more views, while Arabic lagged, but that shifted month by month as Arabic content gained traction. 

“To put it in perspective, back then, it wasn’t a source of income — not a main, not a minor, not a partial.” 

Today, Al-Saif’s channel delivers straightforward reviews that guide viewers on whether to buy or avoid products based on their needs, not brand pressure. 

“I love creating content that gives value to the people. I love simplifying information. I love tech in a crazy way,” he said. “I like to see new tech, test it, be an early adopter of it. Tell people, ‘This is good because of this, and (that) could have been better with those implemented.’ Tell people to buy or not to buy based on their preferences, not based on companies and what they want to push.” 

Creators typically earn through ad revenue, fan funding, product placement, and sponsorships, though Al-Saif distances himself from the “influencer” label. 

“Part of it is that struggle we went through throughout the years, of trying to create valuable business propositions for everybody who works with us, being very fair and honest about what I present, and trying to help companies, just to help companies. Not seeking business.” 

Earlier this month, almost two decades after starting his channel, Al-Saif was named top Arab content creator — and the only regional entry — in Saudi Arabia’s 2025 top 10 most-viewed YouTube channels, a milestone he described as “shocking” in a positive sense. 

“Being on that top 10 list gives me a cool push after 16 years,” he said of his UTD Saudi channel, which has 8.92 million subscribers. 

“(When) I go into a hospital, I find a lot of Saudis that know me. But also, I find some Filipino nurses coming to me (telling me), ‘I watch your videos.’ I like that kind of diversity (which) is only possible on YouTube and educational content.” 

Al-Saif views YouTube as a modern visual library to help informed decisions. While social media shifts toward short-form videos, he believes the platform is resisting this trend. 

“If it’s all short-term content, it’s us supporting that short attention span (which) is being developed with people.”  

He champions long-form reviews, beginning with a brief story, then details, to encourage informed decisions. By contrast, he argued, three-second or ultra-short videos may be excellent at grabbing attention, but are largely useless for serious decisions, “unless (perhaps) it’s a cooking video.” 

In 2012, after seeing an opening, Al-Saif left BAE Systems — “initially only for two years” — to launch Tech Pills Productions, helping companies such as Intel, Microsoft, and HP create content, a move that boosted his career. He later diversified into tech startups, though he shuns the “investor” label. 

“I don’t see myself as an entrepreneur or an investor. I just see myself as a tech lover,” he said. “I try to push myself into diversifying the business and creating other pillars. So, I went into other types of investments, working and developing applications with different partners, and all of that went well. That part made me more comfortable creating content for the joy of it instead for the business side of it.” 

In 2021, Al-Saif backed Karaz (Arabic for “cherries”), an EHR platform using IoT, AI, and real-time data for healthcare, originally a gamified app for diabetic children. “(I’m drawn to a project) if there’s a human touch,” he said. “It’s relating data to human change in a positive way that made me not hesitate and go for it.” 

While AI pitches flood in, past flops have left him with a degree of “marketing resistance.” 

“I find that AI does add value if you have those (proper) steps into getting into AGI (artificial general intelligence) and the later steps that will come. It’s the proper development. But the hype about relating everything to AI, that part, I’m definitely against,” he said. 

AI has dominated headlines for three years, fueling an economic boom, and sparking debate over job losses and ethical risks. Al-Saif acknowledges the technology’s “endless opportunities,” but doubts the hype will last and that AI will ultimately drive the world. “They will find something else; either it’s diverted from AI or from another field in technology to create that marketing sense.” 

Asked what people should be more aware of, he urged greater public education on AI’s dual nature. 

“It’s a knife that you can cook with, or it’s a knife that can stab someone. There’s a seriousness about AI, and sadly, the world does not do enough regarding the sense of awareness,” he said. 

Without greater understanding, unchecked AI could create generations shaped entirely by whatever information they are fed, regardless of truth, he said, adding that the technology already enables bad behavior excused as “AI-generated” and blurs fact and fiction, making regulations essential. 

Saudi Arabia is leading responsibly through its Data and AI Authority, he said. “I think they’re going very well within multiple sides: the regulatory part, the governance side, as well as when it comes to investing heavily with the infrastructure and AI companies.”  

Through the authority, the Kingdom has launched an ambitious plan to position itself at the forefront of AI technology. Al-Saif has contributed directly and indirectly, including advising on public strategies such as the Riyadh Charter on AI Ethics in the Islamic World. 

“It’s a very interesting place to be (at a) very interesting time. I’ve sat with the Crown Prince (Mohammed bin Salman). He talked about AI, his vision, and how AI will create this next wave of businesses and next wave of economy.” 

Asked whether our society is obsessed with technological progress, Al-Saif replies that “we are adopting (technologies) for what we need,” but adds that limits, such as Australia’s recent social media ban for youth, are needed. “But the thing is, they don’t ban stuff in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. They try to create a system.” 

At home, he supervises his children’s screen time or watches content together. “YouTube is still, I find, the safest platform (out) there because of its nature of long videos and vlogs. It is much more mature than any other platform when it comes to how to censor, how to control, how to do things.” 

However, he agreed that younger generations, as tech natives, perceive tech interaction differently, specifically when it comes to privacy. 

“Privacy is kind of a stretchy thing. I define privacy different than my kids when they grow up, and that made me think of privacy different. It’s not that we’re letting go of information. It’s the environment that we live in that creates that sense of privacy.” 

Al-Saif believes privacy has already been reshaped — not as a value we hold dear, but as an illusion where true personal boundaries have been eroded. What remains is a mere reflection of our actions online, not tied to our names, but reduced to anonymous data points or numbers in the digital ether. 

For Al-Saif, part of the answer lies in the power of disconnection, an approach that he has strongly advocated. 

“I give myself an hour or two a day maximum (online) to know about certain other stuff. My advice for anybody who wants to live 12 hours of cool life is: Try to experience or to learn something unrelated to tech.” 

Pointing to a beehive he keeps in the office, Al-Saif added: “There are other fields that I like to, let’s say, learn about. It’s a clear state of mind that you reach with it. And I just try to do as normal, natural things as possible; try to work with gadgets and appliances that don’t have batteries.”