ISLAMABAD: The government in Kabul has pledged this week that Afghan territory will not be used to harm other countries and warned that anyone found violating that directive would face action by the Islamic Emirate.

The remarks by Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi came after a gathering of Afghan religious scholars who reportedly passed a resolution barring the use of Afghan soil for attacks abroad. According to Afghan broadcaster Tolo News, around 1,000 scholars attended the meeting and endorsed measures allowing the government to act against violators.

Pakistan and Afghanistan have struggled to maintain a fragile truce after border clashes killed dozens in October, their worst fighting since the Afghan Taliban took control of Kabul in 2021. Islamabad has blamed a surge in violence in Pakistan on militants who use Afghan soil to plan their attacks on security forces across the border. Kabul denies the charges, saying Pakistan’s security is an internal problem.

Kabul and Islamabad, once longtime allies, have engaged in intermittent border skirmishes since October, including heavy firing on Friday that killed at least five people. Three rounds of peace talks hosted by Qatar, Turkiye and Saudi Arabia have failed to produce a lasting agreement.

“Officials, leaders, and leadership of the Islamic system have pledged that the territory of Afghanistan will not be used to harm anyone,” Muttaqi said in a speech on Thursday. 

“All scholars and hadith experts also agree that obeying this command is obligatory for all Muslims, and if anyone uses Afghan soil to harm others, the Islamic Emirate has the right to stop them.”

He said the Afghan leadership had not authorized any individual or group to carry out military operations in other countries and the Islamic Emirate was entitled to take action against anyone who violated that directive.

Muttaqi also urged unity within the Muslim world, saying scholars had repeatedly advised against internal hostility. 

“Muslims must pay attention to unity and harmony among themselves, avoid hostility toward one another, and act with brotherhood and fraternity,” he said, calling adherence to scholars’ guidance a “shared duty.”

Pakistan on Thursday welcomed reports of the Afghan scholars’ resolution but said it still required formal, written assurances from Afghanistan’s leadership. 

Foreign Office spokesperson Tahir Andrabi told reporters on Thursday he had not seen the full text of the scholars’ resolution and that similar commitments had been made in the past but were not honored.

“Any developments with regards to the fact that Afghan leadership, the segment of Afghan society, realized the gravity of the situation that their soil is being used by not just TTP, but also by their own nationals to perpetrate terrorism in Pakistan, any realization to this effect is positive and one would certainly welcome it,” Andrabi said. 

However, he added that the resolution did not explicitly mention Pakistan or militant groups Islamabad has accused of launching cross-border attacks.

The shared mountainous border regions between Pakistan and Afghanistan are home to militants from the Tehreek-e-Taliban (TTP), also known as the Pakistani Taliban, who have waged a war against the Pakistani state for nearly 20 years.

The TTP adheres to a strict interpretation of Islamic law akin to their counterparts in Kabul, although the Afghan Taliban maintains that they do not share an operational relationship with the group.