JERUSALEM: The top Israeli court heard responses by the state on Sunday to challenges against exemptions granted to ultra-Orthodox Jews from military conscription, a long-standing source of friction with more secular citizens now inflamed by the long Gaza war.
In the name of equality, the Supreme Court in 2018 voided a law waiving the call-up for ultra-Orthodox men who want to study in seminaries instead. Parliament failed to come up with an alternative arrangement, and a government-ordered stay on a mandatory mobilization of ultra-Orthodox expired in March.
That has left Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu scrambling to agree with ultra-Orthodox coalition partners on a military service compromise that might preempt any Supreme Court ruling that Israel’s fasted-growing minority must be forcibly drafted.
“We’re not on quiet waters. We are at war, and the need (for military personnel) cries out,” one of nine justices hearing the case, Noam Solberg, told a government lawyer who argued that it was still too early for an ultra-Orthodox mass-conscription.
With fighting against Palestinian Hamas militants in Gaza and related violence on the Lebanese border exacting the highest troop casualties in decades, many Israelis resent their fellow citizens being spared their share of the risk.
The ultra-Orthodox claim the right to study in seminaries instead of serving in uniform for the standard three years. Some say their pious lifestyles would clash with military mores, while others voice ideological opposition to the liberal state.
The ultra-Orthodox make up 13 percent of Israel’s population, a figure expected to reach 19 percent by 2035 due to their high birth rates. Economists argue that the draft exemption keeps some of them unnecessarily in seminaries and out of the workforce.
The government’s lawyer, Doron Taubman, said it placed a high priority on increasing ultra-Orthodox enlistment.
“But it is also mindful of the enormous difficulty the community sees in the drafting of seminary students, both due to the cardinal fear of their lifestyle being compromised and the fear of Bible study being compromised,” he told the court.
It was not immediately clear when the court might rule in the case, whose first hearings took place in February.
Israeli justices press government on religious conscription waivers
https://arab.news/we5h3
Israeli justices press government on religious conscription waivers
- The Supreme Court in 2018 voided a law waiving the call-up for ultra-Orthodox men who want to study in seminaries instead
- Ultra-Orthodox claim the right to study in seminaries instead of serving in uniform for the standard three years
Gaza authorities ‘levy fees on some privately imported goods’
- Ghaith Al-Omari, a senior fellow at the Washington Institute think tank, said Hamas’ actions aimed to show Gazans and foreign powers alike that it cannot be bypassed
CAIRO: From regulating the price of chicken to levying fees on cigarettes, Hamas is seeking to widen control over Gaza as US plans for its future slowly take shape, Gazans say, adding to rivals’ doubts over whether it will cede authority as promised.
After a ceasefire began last month, Hamas swiftly reestablished its hold over areas from which Israel withdrew, killing dozens of Palestinians it accused of collaborating with Israel, theft, or other crimes. Foreign powers demand that the group disarm and leave the government, but have yet to agree on who will replace them.
Now, a dozen Gazans say they are increasingly feeling Hamas’ control in other ways.
The prices are high. There’s no income, circumstances are difficult, life is hard, and winter is coming.
Mohammed Khalifa, Shopper in Nuseirat area
Authorities monitor everything entering areas of Gaza held by Hamas, levying fees on some privately imported goods, including fuel and cigarettes, and fining merchants seen as overcharging for goods, according to 10 Gazans, three of them merchants with direct knowledge.
Ismail Al-Thawabta, head of the media office of the Gaza government, said accounts of authorities taxing cigarettes and fuel were inaccurate, denying that the government was raising any taxes.
The authorities were only carrying out urgent humanitarian and administrative tasks whilst making “strenuous efforts” to control prices, Al-Thawabta said.
He reiterated Hamas’ readiness to hand over to a new technocratic administration, saying it aimed to avoid chaos in Gaza: “Our goal is for the transition to proceed smoothly.”
Hatem Abu Dalal, owner of a Gaza mall, said prices were high because not enough goods were coming into Gaza. Government representatives were trying to bring order to the economy — touring around, checking goods and setting prices, he said.
Mohammed Khalifa, shopping in central Gaza’s Nuseirat area, said prices were constantly changing despite attempts to regulate them. “It’s like a stock exchange,” he said.
“The prices are high. There’s no income, circumstances are difficult, life is hard, and winter is coming,” he said.
Reuters, citing multiple sources, reported this week that Gaza’s de facto partition appeared increasingly likely, with Israeli forces still deployed in more than half the territory and efforts to advance the plan faltering.
Nearly all of Gaza’s 2 million people live in areas controlled by Hamas.
Ghaith Al-Omari, a senior fellow at the Washington Institute think tank, said Hamas’ actions aimed to show Gazans and foreign powers alike that it cannot be bypassed.
“The longer that the international community waits, the more entrenched Hamas becomes,” Omari said.
Asked for comment on Gazans’ accounts of Hamas levying fees on some goods, among other reported activities, a US State Department spokesperson said: “This is why Hamas cannot and will not govern in Gaza.”
The PA is pressing for a say in Gaza’s new government, though Israel rejects the idea of it running Gaza again.
Munther Al-Hayek, a Fatah spokesperson in Gaza, said Hamas’ actions “give a clear indication that Hamas wants to continue to govern.”
In the areas held by Israel, small Palestinian groups that oppose Hamas have a foothold, a lingering challenge to it.
Gazans continue to endure dire conditions, though more aid has entered since the ceasefire.
A senior Gazan food importer said Hamas hadn’t returned to a full taxation policy, but they “see and record everything.”
They monitor everything that enters, with checkpoints along routes, and stop trucks and question drivers, he said, declining to be identified.
Price manipulators are fined, which helps reduce some prices, but they are still much higher than before the war began, and people complain they have no money.
The Gaza government employed up to 50,000 people, including policemen, before the war.
Al-Thawabta said that thousands of them were killed, and those remaining were ready to continue working under a new administration.
Gaza authorities continued paying them salaries during the war, though it cut the highest, standardizing wages to 1,500 shekels ($470) a month, Hamas sources and economists familiar with the matter said.
It is believed that Hamas drew on stockpiled cash to pay the wages, a diplomat said.
The Gaza government replaced four regional governors who were killed, sources close to Hamas said.
A Hamas official said the group also replaced 11 members of its Gaza politburo who died.
Gaza City activist and commentator Mustafa Ibrahim said Hamas was exploiting delays in the US plan “to bolster its rule.”
“Will it be allowed to continue doing so? I think it will continue until an alternative government is in place,” he said.
