Pakistan bombing puts focus on its struggle to keep militants at bay

A paramedic treats a bomb blast victim at a hospital in Bajaur district of Pakistan's Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province on July 31, 2023. (AFP)
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Updated 31 July 2023
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Pakistan bombing puts focus on its struggle to keep militants at bay

  • Pakistan has seen a resurgence of attacks by militants since last year
  • TTP has carried out some of the bloodiest attacks in Pakistan since 2007

A suicide bombing that killed at least 45 people at a political rally in Pakistan on Sunday has again brought into focus the challenges in keeping militants at bay.

Pakistan has seen a resurgence of attacks by militants since last year when a ceasefire between the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and Islamabad broke down.

Following are some details of Pakistan's tussle with hardline groups:

  • Militants have mainly operated out of Pakistan's former tribal areas that border Afghanistan in the northwest. This region was known as the semi-autonomous Federally Administered Tribal Areas until a 2018 merger with neighbouring Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.
  • The region saw an influx of guerrilla fighters in the 1980s, and the Taliban and al Qaeda after the US-led campaign in Afghanistan began in 2001.
  • The TTP, which has carried out some of the bloodiest attacks inside Pakistan since its formation in 2007, is an umbrella organisation of various hardline groups operating individually in Pakistan.
  • Since the TTP is formed of several groups, some of which have splintered previously, it makes it difficult for Pakistani authorities to hold peace talks with them. The group has distanced itself from Sunday's attack and its spokesperson has condemned it.
  • TTP attacks are mostly directed at Pakistan, unlike the other big militant threat in the region, Daesh.
  • Daesh affiliate Islamic State in Khorasan (IS-K) bombed a Shi'ite mosque in Pakistan's Peshawar in 2022, killing scores of people.
  • The group has been more active in Afghanistan than in Pakistan. There have been reported defections from the TTP into IS-K and some splinter cells have started to work closely together.
  • A newly founded militant group called Tehreek-e-Jihad Pakistan (TJP) has also carried out a string of attacks in the country, most recently killing 12 soldiers at a Pakistani military base earlier this month.
  • Little is known about the TJP and whether it operates under any larger militant group.
  • Sunday's explosion took place in the former tribal area of Bajaur. The party targeted, the conservative Jamiat Ulema Islam-Fazl (JUI-F), is known for its links to hardline political Islam and is a major ally of the coalition government.
  • The JUI-F and its chief Maulana Fazl-ur-Rehman were previously attacked because the party opposes local militants, saying their armed campaign against the state doesn't constitute a Jihad - a fight against opponents of Islam - analysts say.
  • The party, however, supports the Afghan Taliban movement and calls it a just fight against foreign occupation.
  • Militants like the TTP aim to overthrow the Pakistani government and install their own brand of strict Islamic law in the predominantly Muslim country of 220 million people.

UAE-Pakistan trade pact in ‘final stage of signing,’ envoy says in address to Lahore chamber 

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UAE-Pakistan trade pact in ‘final stage of signing,’ envoy says in address to Lahore chamber 

  • UAE ambassador tells business leaders Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement near signing
  • Chamber cites $7.8 billion remittances from UAE in 2024, urges broader cooperation beyond petroleum trade 

ISLAMABAD: The Lahore Chamber of Commerce & Industry (LCCI) on Wednesday quoted the UAE’s ambassador as saying the Emirates and Pakistan were in the “final stage” of signing a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) to enhance trade and remove obstacles. 

Pakistan and the UAE maintain close economic ties, with the Gulf state serving as one of Islamabad’s largest trading partners and a major source of remittances. Trade between the two countries currently stands at around $8–10 billion, according to figures from the LCCI, while millions of Pakistanis live and work in the UAE. A Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement, a broad trade framework aimed at reducing tariffs, easing market access and strengthening investment flows, would formalize and potentially deepen those ties.

Speaking at the Lahore Chamber, UAE Ambassador Salem Mohammed Al Zaabi said the CEPA would help remove business obstacles and deepen economic ties between the two countries.

“Pakistan and the UAE are at the final stage of signing a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement, which would significantly boost bilateral trade and remove business obstacles between the two countries,” Al Zaabi was quoted as saying in a statement issued by the Lahore Chamber.

He added that the existing trade volume of around $8–10 billion did not reflect the full potential of the relationship and his government had a “clear directive” to double the figure as soon as possible.

Al Zaabi said the UAE was expanding investments in Pakistan in sectors including infrastructure, ports, aviation, agriculture, minerals and railways.

He said discussions with Pakistan’s Railway Ministry were progressing and that new agreements related to supply chain connectivity from northern regions to Karachi, including the possibility of a dry port, would be announced soon. He added that the Joint Business Council between the two countries was being activated and efforts were underway to convene its meeting to enhance institutional cooperation.

The UAE ambassador also outlined steps being taken to streamline visa procedures and improve skilled labor mobility.

Referring to the visa process, Al Zaabi said both countries were working to streamline procedures through digital systems and appreciated the efforts of Pakistan’s Ministry of Interior, according to the LCCI statement. He said discussions were underway with the Punjab Skilled Labor Authority to enhance cooperation in skilled workforce mobility.

He added that he was “personally working at operational and technical levels to ensure that all signed agreements, including CEPA and other trade frameworks, are fully implemented.”

The envoy said the UAE was rapidly shifting toward an artificial intelligence-driven and digitized economy, with nearly 99 percent of government services available online.

Highlighting his country’s focus on information technology, digital banking and innovation, the ambassador invited the Lahore Chamber to share a comprehensive document outlining challenges and investment opportunities. He said the UAE Embassy would consider recommendations from the business community and extend facilitation to investors from both sides, adding that special consideration would be given to visa recommendations forwarded by the Chamber for genuine business cases.

He also acknowledged the contribution of the Pakistani community to the UAE’s development, particularly in aviation and finance, and noted that the UAE economy had diversified, reducing oil dependence to below 25 percent.

LCCI President Faheem Ur Rehman Saigol described the UAE as one of Pakistan’s most important trading partners in the Middle East and a major source of remittances.

He said remittances from the UAE reached $7.8 billion in 2024, while Pakistan’s exports to the UAE stood at $2.1 billion in the 2024–25 fiscal year. Imports from the UAE were around $8 billion, largely consisting of petroleum products, according to the Chamber’s statement.

The figures highlight a persistent trade imbalance, with Pakistan importing significantly more from the UAE than it exports, even as millions of Pakistani workers live and work in the Gulf state.

Saigol said there was “vast untapped potential” for cooperation in renewable energy, agriculture and food processing, information technology, logistics, construction, tourism, health care and mining. He proposed establishing dedicated display centers for Pakistani products in the UAE, leveraging the country’s role as a global re-export hub, and called for stronger engagement through trade delegations, business-to-business meetings and joint ventures.