Fear and uncertainty engulf Afghan refugees in Pakistan as deportation deadline looms

Afghan burqa-clad women refugees wait to cross the Pakistan-Afghanistan border in Torkham on October 27, 2023. (AFP)
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Updated 28 October 2023
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Fear and uncertainty engulf Afghan refugees in Pakistan as deportation deadline looms

  • Government has warned all ‘illegal immigrants’ to return to their countries by November 1 or face expulsion
  • Despite assurances, even registered Afghan refugees complain of harassment by police asking them to leave

LANDI KOTAL: Shahzaman Shinwari, a 28-year-old scrap dealer, sits pensively at his shop, finding it difficult to focus on work. Many of his Afghan friends are preparing to leave Pakistan, and some have already left. In Landi Kotal, a small town in Pakistan’s northwestern Khyber tribal district where thousands of Afghan refugees reside, a sense of impending upheaval hangs in the air.
Shinwari inherited his scrap dealing business from his father, who fled to Pakistan more than 40 years ago to escape the Soviet-Afghan war. Even while holding documented refugee status, the young businessman lives with the constant fear of deportation by Pakistani authorities.
Earlier this month, officials in Islamabad announced the government’s intention to expel all “illegal immigrants,” mostly Afghans, citing security concerns amid a rising number of militant attacks in the country.
Despite assurances that immigrants with proper documentation can remain, many registered Afghan refugees have reported experiencing harassment by police encouraging them to leave.
“My heart has been aching since I have heard the news,” Shinwari told Arab News. “I don’t know what I would do if I’m forced to leave. I have no intention of going ... I had envisioned spending my whole life here, and I want to live and die here in Pakistan.”
Following the announcement to expel foreign nationals illegally living in the country, Pakistani authorities have set up deportation centers where individuals will be held until they are sent back.
On October 26, caretaker interior minister Sarfaraz Bugti stated that “no compromises will be made” regarding the removal of undocumented migrants after the November 1 deadline.
Bugti added that the “holding centers” would offer health care services and food for individuals until their deportation to their respective countries was complete.
He also cautioned Pakistani citizens against employing or harboring undocumented immigrants, warning such actions would amount to breaking the law and entail severe penalties.
According to the Afghan Commissionerate, between September 17 and October 26, a total of 59,848 undocumented individuals had crossed into Afghanistan via the Torkham border.
“I was born here [in Pakistan], got an education here, and built a business here, but now the situation is such that I fear for my future,” Shinwari, who recently completed his MPhil studies in political science and aspires to do PhD, said. “The new regime in Afghanistan does not support education, and this is a significant problem. It’s hard to find a job there, education is difficult, and life as a whole will be very challenging there.”
He added he had always envisioned his life in Pakistan, and the thought of leaving had created uncertainty for him and his family.
Since the Taliban returned to power about two years ago, Afghanistan has been mired in both a severe humanitarian and human rights crisis. Additionally, the country is grappling with critical security and economic challenges.
The UN Refugee Agency has expressed concern that the current conditions in Afghanistan could endanger most returning individuals. It has also urged Pakistan to establish a registration system for undocumented migrants and has offered to provide necessary financial and structural support.
For many like Shinwari, who are educated and have stable livelihoods in Pakistan, the situation raises questions about their lack of eligibility for Pakistani citizenship, despite being born in the country.
“Almost every country in the world provides nationality to people living there for a period of 5 years,” he said. “I want to ask the government to grant citizenship to people like me who are law-abiding, properly registered and born here.”
Under Pakistani law, Afghan nationals are not automatically eligible for citizenship by birth but may apply later if they fulfill official criteria.
Shinwari also stressed that many Afghans living in Pakistan owned businesses and had invested in the local economy, thereby making valuable contributions.
He called on the government to treat Afghans with dignity and compassion, given that their entire livelihoods hung in the balance.
“The 28-day deadline is impossible to meet for people like me,” he said. “They should have given us at least four to five years to properly wrap up our businesses or shift them to Afghanistan.”
 


Pakistan to introduce new SOPs for security of Chinese nationals— interior minister 

Updated 9 sec ago
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Pakistan to introduce new SOPs for security of Chinese nationals— interior minister 

  • Pakistan has recently witnessed surge in militant attacks on Chinese nationals 
  • A suicide attack in northwestern Pakistan in March killed five Chinese engineers

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s government will craft new standard operating procedures (SOPs) for the security of Chinese nationals working and living in the country, Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi said on Thursday. 

Pakistan has seen a rise in attacks on Chinese nationals in the country in recent months. A suicide bomber in March rammed his vehicle into a convoy of Chinese engineers working on a hydropower project in northwestern Pakistan. Five Chinese engineers were killed in the attack. 

Pakistan has said it has since then taken steps to enhance the security of Chinese nationals in the country. 

“Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi says new Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) related to the security of Chinese nationals will be crafted and it will be implemented in letter and spirit,” the state-run Radio Pakistan reported. 

Naqvi was speaking to Chinese Ambassador to Pakistan Jiang Zaidong in Islamabad, the state media said, adding that he vowed to bring the perpetrators of the March attack to justice. 

“Mohsin Naqvi said no conspiracy can sabotage the decades-old Pak-China friendship,” Radio Pakistan said. 

Zaidong expressed satisfaction with the measures taken by Pakistani authorities for the security of Chinese nationals. 

The Dasu attack was the third major one in a little over a week on China’s interests in the South Asian nation, where Beijing has invested over $65 billion in energy, infrastructure and other projects as part of its wider Belt and Road initiative.

Chinese interests in Pakistan’s southwestern Balochistan province have also been under attack primarily by militants who seek to push Beijing out of the mineral-rich territory.


Pakistan Navy hands over rescued Iranian fishermen to Tehran on humanitarian grounds

Updated 09 May 2024
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Pakistan Navy hands over rescued Iranian fishermen to Tehran on humanitarian grounds

  • Pakistan Navy ship Yarmook rescued eight Iranian fishermen in March after their ship caught fire in open sea
  • Successful operation example of Pakistan Navy’s ability to deal with all kinds of situations, says army’s media wing

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan Navy on Thursday handed over eight Iranian fishermen it had rescued in an earlier operation to Iranian officials on humanitarian grounds, the military’s media wing said in a statement. 

The rescue operation was conducted in March when a Pakistan Navy ship, Yarmook, heard a distress call from a fire-stricken boat in the open sea. Yarmook swiftly acted, the Pakistani military’s media wing said, adding that a successful rescue operation was carried out that saw all eight fishermen rescued and the fire extinguished.

“Pakistan Navy has handed over eight rescued Iranian fishermen to Iran’s diplomatic authorities,” the military’s media wing, the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) said. 

“The prompt and successful rescue operation is a practical example of Pakistan Navy’s ability to deal with all kinds of situations at sea.”

In February, the Pakistan Navy rescued nine Indian seamen who were stranded in a disabled tug en route to Sharjah.

The vessel, Ocean Tug SAS-5 registered at St. Kitts & Nevis, had been disabled for days near the Indian coast after a failure of its electric generators at a position 167 nautical miles southeast of the Pakistani port city of Karachi, according to Pakistan Navy.


Pakistan says will share concerns about terror groups threatening its security in ongoing US talks

Updated 09 May 2024
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Pakistan says will share concerns about terror groups threatening its security in ongoing US talks

  • Pakistan and United States are holding Pakistan-US Counterterrorism Dialogue in Washington
  • Pakistan has said suicide attack that killed five Chinese workers in March was planned in Afghanistan

ISLAMABAD: The Pakistan Foreign Office said on Thursday Islamabad would share its concerns regarding terror groups that threatened its security with Washington as the two countries hold counterterrorism talks in the United States this week. 
The three-day talks, which commenced on Wednesday and will conclude on May 10, are part of the Pakistan-US Counterterrorism Dialogue. The Pakistani delegation is led by the Additional Secretary United Nations division at the foreign ministry, Syed Haider Shah. 
The initial round took place last year in Islamabad, where discussions centered on the counterterrorism landscape in Pakistan and the wider region.
“The counterterrorism talks between Pakistan and the United States are ongoing and the two sides will discuss issues related to security and countering violent extremism and combating terrorism financing,” foreign office spokesperson Mumtaz Zahra Baloch told reporters in a weekly briefing in Islamabad, saying terrorism posed a collective threat to the international community. 
“It is important for Islamabad to share its concerns about terrorist groups that threaten its security with its interlocutors during these dialogues and this is a priority for Pakistan when we engage in these talks,” she added.
The FO statement comes two days after Pakistan’s military said a suicide bomb attack that killed five Chinese engineers was planned in neighboring Afghanistan, and that the bomber was also an Afghan national. 
Relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan have soured in recent months as Islamabad says Kabul is not doing enough to tackle militant groups targeting Pakistan from across the border. Kabul says rising violence in Pakistan is a domestic issue for Islamabad and has denied allowing the use of its territory to militants.
Gaza 
At Thursday’s press briefing, the Pakistan foreign office also condemned Israel’s attack on a Jordanian aid corps for humanitarian assistance to occupied Gaza.
“It is not just a flagrant violation of the obligations of the occupying power but a dangerous provocation that may lead to further escalation of tensions in the region,” Baloch said, condemning the invasion and seizure of the Rafah border crossing in southern Gaza by Israeli forces in what Islamabad said was defiance of international warnings and acceptable international behavior. 
“With its latest actions, Israeli occupation authorities have once again demonstrated their contempt for international humanitarian law as they continue to pursue an abhorrent policy of genocide and extermination in Gaza,” Baloch added.
Pakistan-Saudi Arabia relations 
Amid a flurry of visits between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, including by the Saudi foreign minister and a high-powered business delegation to Islamabad and two visits by the Pakistani prime minister to Riyadh, the foreign office spokesperson said Pakistan and Saudi Arabia were engaged in a “robust dialogue” on cooperation in diverse domains, including in the energy sector.
“The two sides are also engaged in discussions for increased Saudi investments in Pakistan,” she added.
Baloch highlighted Pakistan’s emphasis on increased engagement, particularly with the Middle East, to attract foreign investment, saying the Special Investment Facilitation Council (SIFC) set up last year to oversee foreign financing was implementing measures to offer incentives to foreign investors in support of this effort.
Pak-Iran Gas pipeline
Baloch said the Iran-Pakistan (IP) gas pipeline was a “priority” for the country and reiterated that the South Asian nation would decide on the issue based on its own interest.
“Pakistan will take decisions based on its own national interest, and the Iran-Pakistan gas pipeline is a priority for Pakistan,” she added.
The two countries signed an agreement to construct the pipeline from Iran’s South Fars gas field to Pakistan’s Balochistan and Sindh provinces in 2010, but work on Pakistan’s portion has been held up due to fears of US sanctions.
In March, Islamabad said it would seek a US sanctions waiver for the pipeline. Washington, however, has said it does not support the project and cautioned about the risk of sanctions in doing business with Tehran.


Pakistan advance to Sultan Azlan Shah Cup final for first time since 2011 after beating Canada

Updated 09 May 2024
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Pakistan advance to Sultan Azlan Shah Cup final for first time since 2011 after beating Canada

  • Pakistan made a dramatic comeback in the last match when they faced a 2-0 deficit in the first 17 minutes
  • Green Shirts will face Japan again in the final on Saturday after drawing a match with them in the tournament

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan have surged into the final of the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup 2024 after making a dramatic comeback in their last match against Canada, setting the stage for a thrilling showdown with Japan on Saturday.
The Green Shirts have had a notable history in the international men’s field hockey tournament held in Malaysia. Over the years, Pakistan have secured the championship three times, occurring in 1999, 2000, and 2003.
However, their performance remained on a decline in recent years, making it the first time Pakistan have advanced to the tournament final since 2011.
“Pakistan and Japan have qualified for final of the 30th Sultan Azlan Shah Cup Hockey tournament,” the state-owned Radio Pakistan reported on Thursday. “The final match of the tournament will be played on Saturday in Ipoh, Malaysia.”
In their last match against Canada on Wednesday, Pakistan faced a 2-0 deficit in the first 17 minutes, though the players showed resilience and prowess to help the squad make a comeback and clinch a narrow 5-4 victory.
Currently leading the table after four matches with three victories and a draw, Pakistan will face Japan in the final match. The two teams drew their previous game after putting in all their effort to defeat each other.
Malaysia and New Zealand trail behind, tied with six points each, occupying the third and fourth spots respectively in the tournament standings.


Pakistan’s PSO proposes swapping debt for stake in public sector companies

Updated 09 May 2024
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Pakistan’s PSO proposes swapping debt for stake in public sector companies

  • Stopping the pile-up of unresolved debt across Pakistan’s power sector and settling it is a top IMF concern
  • PSO’s aggregate receivables from government agencies and autonomous bodies stands at about $1.8 billion

KARACHI: Pakistan State Oil, the country’s largest oil marketer, says it is in talks with the government on a plan to acquire stakes in public sector energy companies and offset mounting debt it is owed by firms such as the national airline.
Stopping the pile-up of unresolved debt across Pakistan’s power sector, and ultimately settling it, is a top concern of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), with which Islamabad begin talks this month for a new long-term loan deal.
“Everything will be done through competitive bidding and we will participate and if we win, the stakes will be offset against (PSO’s receivables),” said Syed Muhammad Taha, the managing director and chief executive of state-backed PSO.
“That is our proposal and this is under consideration, so we are working with the government,” Taha said in an interview on Wednesday with Reuters, which is the first to report the plan.
Pakistan’s government, with a stake of about 25 percent, is the biggest shareholder of PSO, but private shareholders own the rest.
Government officials, including the petroleum minister and the information minister, did not reply to a Reuters request for comment.
Total circular debt in Pakistan’s power and gas sectors stood at 4.6 trillion rupees ($17 billion), or about 5 percent of GDP by June 2023, the IMF says.
Circular debt is a form of public debt that stems in part from failure to pay dues along the power sector chain, starting with consumers and moving to distribution companies, which owe power plants, which then have to pay fuel supplier PSO.
The government is either the biggest shareholder, or outright owner of most these companies, making it tough to resolve debt as fiscal tightening leaves it strapped for cash.
Among other steps sought by the IMF, Pakistan has raised energy prices to stop the build-up of debt. But the accumulated amount still has to be resolved.
Taha said the IMF reforms helped the sector by boosting creditors’ ability to pay, which will continue to improve.
PSO’s aggregate receivables from government agencies and autonomous bodies stood at 499 billion rupees ($1.8 billion), the largest share owed by gas provider Sui Northern Gas, whose largest shareholder is the government.
PSO’s annual report last year said the crisis of owed debt was a serious issue for it.
Taha said PSO had initially floated the idea of acquiring stakes or complete ownership of assets such as power plants in Nandipur in the northern Punjab province and Guddu in southern Sindh, as well as the government-owned holding entity for power generation companies.
It also discussed equity stakes in profitable public sector companies such as the Oil and Gas Development Co, he added.
PIA DEAL
Taha said PSO was also a part of the broader settlement framework for the privatization of Pakistan International Airlines, which would potentially include a “clean asset swap” and a stake in the airline’s non-core assets, such as property.
The government is putting on the block a stake ranging from 51 percent to 100 percent in debt-ridden PIA as part of the public-sector reforms sought by the IMF.
In March, media said the principal alone that PIA owed PSO for fuel supply amounted to roughly 15.8 billion rupees ($57 million).
Taha added that he expected modest growth in demand for petroleum products as the economy opens up, thanks to lower interest rates and higher disposable income.
As economic conditions improve, he added, PSO is working with big strategic investors from China and the Middle East to upgrade and expand its refinery arm, Pakistan Refinery Ltd.
PSO has a network of 3,528 retail outlets in addition to 19 depots, 14 airport refueling facilities, operations at two seaports, and Pakistan’s largest storage capacity of 1.14 million tons.