Lebanon invites US mediator to return for maritime border negotiations with Israel

The Lebanese leadership discussed the steps to prevent Israel from raising tension on the southern maritime borders. (Reuters/File)
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Updated 06 June 2022
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Lebanon invites US mediator to return for maritime border negotiations with Israel

  • Prime Minister Najib Mikati says Israeli energy exploration would be ‘act of aggression’

BEIRUT: Lebanon has invited US mediator Amos Hochstein to return for maritime border talks with Israel, as it hopes to launch offshore oil and gas production amid its energy and economic crises.

President Michel Aoun on Monday met caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati against moves by the Energean Power FPSO (Floating Production Storage Offloading) vessel in the disputed maritime zone in southern Lebanon.  

According to a statement from Mikati’s office, they “discussed the steps that should be taken to confront the Israeli enemy and prevent its attempts from raising the tension on the southern maritime borders.”

They decided to “undertake diplomatic contacts with the great powers and the United Nations to explain Lebanon’s stance and confirm its attachment to its maritime rights and wealth, and considered that any exploration, prospecting, or extraction activities carried out by Israel in the disputed zones constitute a provocation and an act of aggression that threatens international peace and security.”

The invitation to Hochstein is to discuss “the completion of the indirect Lebanese-Israeli negotiations to demarcate the maritime borders and end these negotiations as soon as possible, to prevent any escalation that would undermine stability in the region.”

The Israeli newspaper Haaretz reported that the British-Greek energy company Energean had installed a drilling machine on Sunday about 80 kilometers west of Haifa to start its digging operations within the next three months.

It said that Israel would consider any damage to the private gas rigs as “a declaration of war.”

The ship’s arrival in the Israeli oil field of Karish has reopened a divisive political issue in Lebanon, whether to adopt  Line 29 or Line 23 in the demarcation of the country’s southern maritime borders.

According to those calling for the adoption of Line 29, Line 23 would mean Lebanon relinquishing 1,430 square kilometers of its maritime zone.

The ones calling for the adoption of Line 29 are technical experts from the Lebanese army and academics who have carried out legal studies saying the demarcation should follow Line 29.

These studies are supported by research from the British Hydrographic Office in 2011 done on behalf of the Lebanese government.

Decree 6433, issued in 2011, has not been amended to include the additional area of 1,430 square kilometers south of Line 23.

The government sent the decree to the UN claiming that Lebanon’s maritime borders were at Line 23.

In Oct. 2020, there were indirect peace negotiations between Lebanon and Israel to demarcate the maritime borders but they were hastily frozen by the Israeli side after the Lebanese delegation raised its demands.

The Israeli side at the time insisted on negotiating over a zone that was 860 square kilometers wide and lay between the Israeli demarcation line at Point 1 and the Lebanese demarcation line at Point 23, according to Decree 6433.

Legal expert Christina Abi Haidar told Arab News: “Lebanon did not do its homework. The government of Hassan Diab had already prepared in 2021 an amendment to the decree and asked President Aoun to approve it on the background that it is an urgent matter.

“However, Aoun did not respond for unknown reasons. When Najib Mikati’s government was formed, the issue was not discussed until we reached this point, and what is happening today is not a surprise. We did not preserve our rights, rather we neglected them.

“There are a lot of rumors that President Aoun is sticking to Line 23 to exchange it with lifting the sanctions on his son-in-law Gebran Bassil. However, it remained a rumor. Now, we need to amend the decree even if the government was a caretaker setup because this is an emergency and if there is an intention to amend the decree then it would be possible. We need action.

“If Lebanon preserves its rights at the UN, no exploration company would ever dare to risk starting explorations.”

If the Israeli side were to start explorations in the Karish gas field then, according to Line 29, it would be doing so in the disputed area.

A few days before May’s parliamentary elections, Hezbollah secretary-general Hassan Nasrallah warned against energy exploration in the disputed zone: “No company in the world would dare to come to Karish or any other area in the disputed zone.”

Also on Monday, Aoun asked Lebanese Army Command to provide him with detailed official data while Mikati called on “the UN and all those concerned to take action and force the Israeli enemy to stop its provocations, and warned of the consequences of any faulty move before the completion of the US mediator whose resumption has become an urgent necessity.”


Iraq requests end of UN assistance mission by end-2025

Updated 10 May 2024
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Iraq requests end of UN assistance mission by end-2025

  • Prime PM said Iraq wanted to deepen cooperation with other UN organizations but there was no longer a need for the political work of the UN assistance mission

BAGHDAD: Iraq has requested that a United Nations assistance mission set up after the 2003 US-led invasion of the country end its work by the end of 2025, saying it was no longer needed because Iraq had made significant progress toward stability.
The mission, headquartered in Baghdad’s heavily fortified Green Zone, was set up with a wide mandate to help develop Iraqi institutions, support political dialogue and elections, and promote human rights.
Prime Minister Mohammed Shia Al-Sudani said Iraq wanted to deepen cooperation with other UN organizations but there was no longer a need for the political work of the UN assistance mission, known as UNAMI.
The mission’s head in Iraq often shuttles between top political, judicial and security officials in work that supporters see as important to preventing and resolving conflicts but critics have often described as interference.
“Iraq has managed to take important steps in many fields, especially those that fall under UNAMI’s mandate,” Sudani said in a letter to UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres.
Iraq’s government has since 2023 moved to end several international missions, including the US-led coalition created in 2014 to fight Islamic State and the UN’s mission established to help promote accountability for the jihadist group’s crimes.
Iraqi officials say the country has come a long way from the sectarian bloodletting after the US-led invasion and Islamic State’s attempt to establish a caliphate, and that it no longer needs so much international help.
Some critics worry about the stability of the young democracy, given recurring conflict and the presence of many heavily armed military-political groups that have often battled on the streets, the last time in 2022.
Some diplomats and UN officials also worry about human rights and accountability in a country that frequently ranks among the world’s most corrupt and where activists say freedom of expression has been curtailed in recent years.
Iraq’s government says it is working to fight corruption and denies there is less room for free expression.
Somalia’s government also requested the termination of a UN political mission this week. In a letter to the Security Council, the country’s foreign minister called for the departure of the Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM), which has advised the government on peace-building, security reforms and democracy for over a decade. He provided no reason.


Gaza aid could grind to a halt within days, UN agencies warn

Updated 10 May 2024
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Gaza aid could grind to a halt within days, UN agencies warn

  • Humanitarian workers have sounded the alarm this week over the closure of the Rafah and Kerem Shalom crossings for aid

LONDON: Dwindling food and fuel stocks could force aid operations to grind to a halt within days in Gaza as vital crossings remain shut, forcing hospitals to close down and leading to more malnutrition, United Nations aid agencies warned on Friday.
Humanitarian workers have sounded the alarm this week over the closure of the Rafah and Kerem Shalom crossings for aid and people as part of Israel’s military operation in Rafah, where around 1 million uprooted people have been sheltering.
The Israeli military said a limited operation in Rafah was meant to kill fighters and dismantle infrastructure used by Hamas, which governs the besieged Palestinian territory.
“For five days, no fuel and virtually no humanitarian aid entered the Gaza Strip, and we are scraping the bottom of the barrel,” said the UNICEF Senior Emergency Coordinator in the Gaza Strip, Hamish Young.
“This is already a huge issue for the population and for all humanitarian actors but in a matter of days, if not corrected, the lack of fuel could grind humanitarian operations to a halt,” he told a virtual briefing.
More than 100,000 people have fled Rafah in the last five days

More than 100,000 people have fled Rafah in recent days, said Young.
Israel’s military on Monday called for Gazans to leave eastern Rafah, which triggered widespread international alarm.
The UN children’s agency UNICEF said more than 100,000 had left, with the UN humanitarian agency OCHA putting the figure at more than 110,000.
All eyes have been on Rafah in recent weeks, where the population had swelled to around 1.5 million after hundreds of thousands of Palestinians fled fighting in other areas of Gaza.
Georgios Petropoulos, head of OCHA’s sub-office in Gaza, said the situation in the besieged Palestinian territory had reached “even more unprecedented levels of emergency.”
Countries around the world, including key Israeli backer the United States, have urged Israel not to extend its ground offensive into Rafah, citing fears of a large civilian toll.
Hamish Young, UNICEF’s senior emergency coordinator in the Gaza Strip, insisted Rafah “must not be invaded” and called for the immediate flow of fuel and aid into the Gaza Strip.
“Yesterday, I was walking around the Al-Mawasi zone, that people in Rafah are being told to move to,” he said, also speaking from Rafah.
“Shelters already lined Al-Mawasi’s sand dunes and it’s now becoming difficult to move between the mass of tents and tarpaulins.
AFP journalists in the Gaza Strip early Friday witnessed artillery strikes on Rafah on the territory’s southern border with Egypt.
Gaza’s bloodiest-ever war began following Hamas’s unprecedented October 7 attack on Israel that resulted in the deaths of more than 1,170 people, mostly civilians, according to an AFP tally of Israeli official figures.
Vowing to destroy Hamas, Israel has conducted a retaliatory offensive that has killed more than 34,900 people in Gaza, mostly women and children, according to the Hamas-run territory’s health ministry.


Turkiye says it killed 17 Kurdish militants in northern Iraq, Syria

Updated 10 May 2024
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Turkiye says it killed 17 Kurdish militants in northern Iraq, Syria

ANKARA: Turkish forces have killed 17 militants of the outlawed Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) across various regions of northern Iraq and northern Syria, the defense ministry said on Friday.
In a post on social media platform X, the ministry said its forces had “neutralized” 10 PKK insurgents found in the Gara and Hakurk regions of northern Iraq, and in an area where the Turkish military frequently mounts cross-border raids under its “Claw-Lock Operation.”
It said another seven militants were “neutralized” in two regions of northern Syria, where Turkiye has previously carried out cross-border incursions.
The ministry’s use of the term “neutralized” commonly means killed. The PKK, which has been waging an insurgency against the Turkish state since 1984, is designated a terrorist organization by Turkiye, the United States and the European Union.
Turkiye’s cross-border attacks into northern Iraq have been a source of tension with its southeastern neighbor for years. Ankara has asked Iraq for more cooperation in combating the PKK, and Baghdad labelled the group a “banned organization” in March.
Last month, Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan held talks with officials in Baghdad and Irbil, the capital of Iraqi Kurdistan, about the continued presence of the PKK in northern Iraq, where it is based, and other issues. Erdogan later said he believed Iraq saw the need to eliminate the PKK as well.
Turkiye has also staged military incursions in Syria’s north against the YPG militia, which it regards as a wing of the PKK.
Erdogan and his ministers have repeatedly said that while Ankara is working on repairing ties with Syrian President Bashar Assad’s government after years of animosity, it will mount a new offensive into northern Syria to push the YPG away from its border.


Israeli demonstrators torch part of UN compound in Jerusalem

Updated 10 May 2024
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Israeli demonstrators torch part of UN compound in Jerusalem

  • Compound closed until proper security was restored
  • Thursday’s incident was the second in less than a week

JERUSALEM: The main United Nations aid agency for Palestinians closed its headquarters in East Jerusalem after local Israeli residents set fire to areas at the edge of the sprawling compound, the agency said.
Philippe Lazzarini, the head of UNRWA, said in a post on the social media platform X that he had decided to close the compound until proper security was restored. He said Thursday’s incident was the second in less than a week.
“This is an outrageous development. Once again, the lives of UN staff were at a serious risk,” he said.
“It is the responsibility of the State of Israel as an occupying power to ensure that United Nations personnel and facilities are protected at all times,” he said.

 


UNRWA, set up to deal with the Palestinian refugees who fled or were forced from their homes during the 1948 war around the time of Israel’s creation, has long been a target of Israeli hostility.
Since the start of the war with Gaza Israeli officials have called repeatedly for the agency to be shut down, accusing it of complicity with the Islamist movement Hamas in Gaza, a charge the United Nations strongly rejects.
Israel considers all of Jerusalem its indivisible capital, including eastern parts it captured in a 1967 war, which Palestinians seek as the future capital of an independent state.
Lazzarini said staff were present at the time of the incident but there were no casualties. However outdoor areas were damaged by the blaze, which was put out by staff after emergency services took time to respond.
There was no immediate comment from the Israeli police.
Lazzarini said groups of Israelis had been staging regular demonstrations outside the UNRWA compound for the past two months and said stones were thrown at staff and buildings in the compound this week.
In footage shared with Lazzarini’s post, smoke can be seen rising near buildings at the edge of the compound while the sound of chanting and singing can be heard.
A crowd accompanied by armed men were witnessed outside the compound chanting “Burn down the United Nations,” Lazzarini said.

 


UKMTO reports hijacking attempt of vessel east of Yemen’s Aden

Updated 10 May 2024
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UKMTO reports hijacking attempt of vessel east of Yemen’s Aden

DUBAI: The United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations (UKMTO) organization said on Friday it had received a report of a failed hijacking attempt of a vessel 195 nautical miles east of Yemen’s Aden.
The vessel’s master reported being approached by a small craft carrying five or six armed people with ladders.
Houthi militants in Yemen have launched drone and missile attacks on shipping in and around the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean to show support for the Palestinians in the Gaza war.
Maritime sources say pirates may be encouraged by a relaxation of security or may be taking advantage of the chaos caused by attacks on shipping by the Iran-aligned Houthis.
After firing on the vessel, the people in the small craft were forced to abort their approach when the security team on the vessel returned fire, the UKMTO reported.
The vessel and its crew are reported to be safe, and the vessel is proceeding to its next port of call, it said.