LAHORE: Established by Punjab government, the National History Museum (NHM) at Greater Iqbal Park has preserved the country’s history not only since its creation but also throws light on the struggle of Muslims ruling the sub-continent for centuries.
The mega project was envisaged as a part of the park to educate the new generation of Pakistan about the struggle of their forefathers for a separate country.
The Museum narrates the tale from the independence movement and the picture of first few years of a new born state. The historic events, important statistics and speeches of the leaders of the movement have been displayed at the digital library of the National History Museum while another section of the museum displays pictures and mementos from the British era.
The era from 1940 to 1960, the Pakistan Movement and its inception and the years after have been displayed as a timeline. Similarly, another part of the museum depicts the Lahore Resolution, Pakistan's founding father Muhammad Ali Jinnah's videos, speeches and scenes from migration of Muslims from India to Pakistan at the time of partition in 1947.
“I have crossed eighty fifth year of my age and came here with my grandson. For me it is like moving with history as every wall, every corner introduces us to the struggle of our elders. The pain they suffered, the price they paid for the peace of their people,” Nisha Begum, a senior citizen living in Lahore, told Arab News.
A section at the NHM showcases stories with the help of archives -- newspaper articles, personal letters and firsthand accounts.
This section also shows the scenes of great migration in the country's history as in August 1947, Great Briton left the subcontinent after ruling for 90 years, dividing United India into two separate countries. Millions of Muslims began their journey to West and East Pakistan (presently Bangladesh) while millions of Hindus and Sikhs headed in the opposite direction.
Unprecedented violence with Hindus and Sikhs on one side and Muslims on the other, was witnessed. “The carnage was very intense, with massacres, arson, forced conversions, mass abductions, and savage sexual violence. Some seventy-five thousand women were raped, and many of them were then disfigured or dismembered," according to The New Yorker edition of June 22, 2015.
“I have seen those black days with my eyes. I was a little child at that time. I saw trains arriving with dead bodies. The Muslim sacrificed their lives for a peaceful land but the politicians wasted the struggle. The looters have taken control and the noble lost their dignity,” another senior citizen, Salahud Din, 82, told Arab News.
However, some historians believe that truth was kept from the people in India and Pakistan with self-narrated literature disseminated to further agendas and brain wash people.
“Partition had resulted in the biggest forced migration in the history of mankind and as many as 14 million people, including 10 million from Punjab, were forcefully evicted. Although historians have failed to narrate the violence, but some masterpieces of Urdu literature have highlighted the women’s experiences during Partition,” Dr. Ali Usman Qasmi, historian and Chronologist said during a book launching ceremony at the University of Lahore.
However, the veterans see the 72-year journey of Pakistan with disappointment and hope at the same time.
“The 72-year journey of Pakistan is very unique. A few years after its creation, the country came into the clutches of army dictators and we failed to build a strong system as per our needs. Dictators used the country for personnel gains depriving the people of their legitimate rights,” opined veteran journalist, Chaudhry Khadim Hussain, touching 84 years of age. “I witnessed the creation of Pakistan. People sacrificed their lives, properties and relations in hopes for good but successive military interventions destroyed everything. Even a popular leader like Zulfikar Ali Bhutto failed to complete his agenda,” Hussain added.
Retired General Zia-ud-Din Khawaja had a different point of view. “Despite having nuclear and missile capacity Pakistan never put the world in danger. It always behaved sensibly. Pakistan army played important role not only in the development of the country but also contributed for peace at international level,” Gen. Khawaja said. “Pakistan was created in the name of Islam but unjustified distribution of resources among different segments of society kept the poor away from the blessings,” he added.
Veteran politician Raja Zafrul Haq, who took part in the Pakistan movement, told Arab News that Pakistan was a story of great successes and misfortunes at the same time. The civil governments developed the infrastructure of the country, made her a nuclear power, strengthened its defense but look at what we did with the elected prime ministers whether it was Bhutto or Nawaz Sharif.
“Pakistan significantly lost credibility in the world because of a weak democratic system," said Haq.
Pakistan at 72: a story of success and misfortunes
Pakistan at 72: a story of success and misfortunes
- National History Museum narrates the tale of the country's inception and struggle
- Successive martial laws made Pakistan lose direction, veteran journalist says
Pakistan, China sign multiple MoUs focusing on flood rehabilitation, IT and development
- Agreements were signed during meeting of Chinese International Development Cooperation Agency officials with PM Sharif
- Pakistan PM commended CIDCA for its vital support during 2022 floods that killed 1,739 people, caused $30 bln losses
ISLAMABAD: Pakistan and China on Tuesday signed multiple memorandums of understanding (MoUs) that focused on flood rehabilitation, information and communication technologies, and development, Pakistani state media reported.
The agreements were signed during a meeting between a high-level delegation of the Chinese International Development Cooperation Agency (CIDCA), led by Luo Zhaohui, and Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif in Islamabad.
The MoUs pertained to flood rehabilitation, information and communication technologies, Juncao technology to address soil erosion and desertification, and China-Pakistan Development Cooperation Planning (2024-2028).
“Welcoming the delegation, the Prime Minister said China is Pakistan’s most trusted friend and appreciated China’s steadfast support to Pakistan,” the state-run Radio Pakistan broadcaster reported.
“Acknowledging CIDCA’s pivotal role in bolstering Pakistan’s economic development, the Prime Minister specifically commended CIDCA for its vital support during the 2022 floods and for its relief, rehabilitation, and reconstruction efforts in Pakistan.”
In 2022, downpours swelled rivers and at one point flooded a third of Pakistan, killing 1,739 people. The floods also caused $30 billion in damages, from which Pakistan is still trying to rebuild.
The prime minister witnessed the signing of agreements alongside a Letter of Exchange on the establishment of a First Aid Center in Balochistan and Protocol on Cooperation in Human Resources Development under the Global Development Initiative.
“These agreements signify the deepening cooperation between Pakistan and China across various sectors,” the report read.
The meeting was also attended by China’s Ambassador to Pakistan Jiang Zaidong, members of PM Sharif’s cabinet and senior officials of Pakistan.
Beijing has been one of Islamabad’s most reliable foreign partners in recent years, readily providing financial assistance to bail out its often-struggling neighbor.
In July last year, China granted Pakistan a two-year rollover on a $2.4 billion loan, giving the debt-saddled nation much-needed breathing space as it tackled a balance-of-payments crisis.
China has inked more than two trillion dollars in contracts around the world under its Belt and Road investment scheme, with billions pouring into infrastructure projects in Pakistan.
Three militants killed, one arrested in Pakistan’s restive southwest — military
- The militants were killed in an intelligence-based operation in the Pishin district of Balochistan
- Military says one militant apprehended in injured condition was identified as an Afghan national
ISLAMABAD: Three militants were killed and another was injured in a shootout with security forces in Pakistan’s southwestern Balochistan province, the Pakistani military said on Tuesday.
The shootout took place during an intelligence-based operation in the Pishin district of Balochistan, according to the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR), the military’s media wing.
The militants were killed after intense exchange of fire during the conduct of operation.
“One terrorist was apprehended in injured condition, who has been identified as an Afghan national,” the ISPR said in a statement.
“A huge cache of arms, ammunition and explosives was also recovered during the operation.”
Balochistan, which borders Afghanistan, is the site of a long-running insurgency by separatists and religiously motivated militants, who have recently carried out a number of attacks in the region.
Gunmen this month killed nine people, who hailed from the eastern Punjab province, after abducting them from a bus on a highway near the Noshki district. The outlawed Balochistan Liberation Army claimed responsibility for the attack.
Although the government says it has quelled militancy, violence by various groups has persisted in the region.
Last year, Islamabad also set a November deadline for all undocumented migrants, mostly Afghans, to leave or face arrest, forcing more than 500,000 Afghans to flee Pakistan.
Pakistan defended the crackdown by pointing to security concerns and is expected to begin a renewed push to deport more Afghan nationals in the coming weeks, according to officials.
At $306 million, Pakistan reported highest ever single-month IT exports in March — representative
- The Pakistani IT exports surged by $49 million in the last month from $257 million recorded in Feb.
- Representative calls the achievement a result of hard work of all stakeholders and favorable policies
KARACHI: Pakistan recorded highest ever single-month exports in the field of information technology (IT) in March, chairman of the country’s software houses association said on Tuesday.
The Pakistani IT exports surged by $49 million in the last month from $257 million recorded in the month of February, according to Pakistan Software Houses Association (P@SHA).
The exports, which stood at $225 million in March 2023, recorded an increase of 36 percent on a year-on-year basis.
“Crossing $300 million in a single month makes the IT industry second to only textiles in Pakistan,” Zohaib Khan, the P@SHA chairman, said in a statement.
“It is pertinent to note that IT exports for the month of March 2024 is also the highest exports of the industry in a single month in the country’s history.”
Khan said this achievement was a result of hard work of all stakeholders and favorable government policies over the past several months.
“All we need is policy continuity coupled with new initiatives vis-a-vis skills development and branding of the IT sector on a global-scale for the country’s soft-image,” he said, urging the country’s finance and revenue authorities to give due consideration and incorporation to their budgetary proposals that had already been submitted at concerned forums.
The P@SHA Chief reiterated the IT industry would fully support the initiatives of the Pakistani IT ministry in achieving the export target of $3.5 billion for the outgoing fiscal year, which ends in June.
“We should aim for $5 billion for the forthcoming fiscal year, i.e. FY25,” he added.
PepsiCo. reports double-digit revenue growth in Pakistan, China and other nations
- The company reported better-than-expected revenue in first quarter on strong demand for snacks, beverages
- PepsiCo. has leaned heavily into price increases over the past two years to combat higher ingredient costs
PepsiCo. reported better-than-expected revenue in the first quarter on strong international demand for its snacks and beverages.
The Purchase, New York-based company said revenue rose 2 percent to $18.3 billion for the January-April period. That was higher than the $18 billion Wall Street forecast, according to analysts polled by FactSet.
Pepsi reaffirmed its financial guidance for 2024, including organic revenue growth of 4 percent. The company has said it expects to return to more normal rates of growth this year after several years of inflation-driven price increases.
That may have disappointed investors who have grown used to stronger growth at PepsiCo. Last year organic revenue grew 9.5 percent, for example. PepsiCo’s shares fell more than 2.5 percent in morning trading Tuesday.
In North America Frito-Lay revenue rose 2 percent while Pepsi beverage sales were up 1 percent. Sales were hurt by a recall early in the quarter of Quaker Oats cereal, bars and snacks because of potential contamination with salmonella. Quaker Foods sales dropped 24 percent during the quarter.
But the company saw 11 percent sales growth in Asia Pacific and 10 percent sales growth in Europe.
PepsiCo. Chairman and CEO Ramon Laguarta said the company is optimistic that consumer demand will continue to rise this year in the US and elsewhere.
“The consumer, globally, we think is very resilient,” Laguarta said during a conference call with investors. “It’s basically supported by two facts: very low unemployment or quite low unemployment globally and wages growing at a good pace in the majority of the countries where we participate.”
In Europe, sales were driven by demand in Eastern Europe, Laguarta said. In Western Europe, consumers saw fewer PepsiCo. snacks and drinks on grocery shelves during the quarter. Carrefour, one of Europe’s largest supermarket chains, announced in January that it was pulling PepsiCo. products from stores in France, Belgium, Spain and Italy due to unacceptable price increases. The two companies resolved their pricing dispute and Carrefour began restocking PepsiCo. products in early April.
The company said it also saw double-digit organic revenue growth in Mexico, Brazil, Egypt, Pakistan, China and Australia.
But Laguarta added a note of caution. Consumer spending in China remains cautious, he said, and PepsiCo. is also keeping a close eye on lower-income consumers in the US, who are buying fewer snacks or switching to store brands in the face of higher prices.
“The lower-income consumer in the US is stretched,” he said. “That’s a consumer that we are emphasizing in our commercial programs and we are learning how best to keep that consumer in our categories.”
PepsiCo. has leaned heavily into price increases over the past two years to combat higher ingredient costs. The fourth quarter of 2023 was the company’s eighth straight quarter of double-digit percentage price increases.
Those increases moderated in the first quarter. PepsiCo. said net pricing was up 5 percent globally during the quarter, while volumes fell 2 percent. PepsiCo. has said some of that volume decline is strategic. The company has been shrinking package sizes to meet consumer demand for convenience and portion control.
PepsiCo. said its net earnings rose 5.6 percent to $2 billion in the first quarter. Excluding special items, the company earned $1.61 per share. That beat Wall Street’s forecast of $1.52.
Pakistani families urge President Raisi to release cargo crew detained in Iran
- Jalal Ahmed, the cargo boat captain, was on his way from Dubai to Somalia when he was caught by Iran four years ago
- The families of detained Pakistanis say they have not been informed of the charges against Ahmed, others on the boat
KARACHI: Families of Pakistani crew members aboard a cargo boat, which set sail from Dubai to Somalia but was detained by Iran four years ago, appealed to Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi on Tuesday for their release, citing a lack of cooperation from Iranian authorities.
Raisi, who arrived in Pakistan on Monday for a three-day visit, flew to Karachi today after a brief stopover in Lahore. During his stay in Karachi, the Iranian president is slated to meet with government officials and businessmen.
The family of Jalal Ahmed, the captain of the cargo boat, along with others, staged a demonstration in front of the Karachi Press Club to highlight the difficulties they have faced in securing the release of their loved ones, who have been incarcerated in Iran’s Minab city for the past four years.
“We have come here because my brother is imprisoned in the city of Minab in Iran,” Gul Saba, Ahmed’s sister, told Arab News while urging Pakistan’s President Asif Ali Zardari and Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif to intervene in the matter to secure the release of the detained crew members.
“We also appeal to Iran’s President Ebrahim Raisi to release our brother and the other ten [people] who accompanied him,” she continued.
Saba added her 45-year-old brother, who has three children, was transporting cargo from Dubai to Somalia when his ship was stopped by the Iranian authorities.
She said her family members had traveled to Iran, but there had been no response from Iranian authorities.
“No statement has come [from Iranian officials] regarding why [the Pakistani crew members] have been imprisoned,” she added. “There may be no crime involved as their cargo ship was legal.”
Arab News could not independently verify the claims made by the affected family.
Jawad Jalal, Ahmed’s 10-year-old son, also participated in the protest along with his mother, Sadia Ahmed, and aunt Saba.
“When I was six, my father was imprisoned in Iran,” he said while reminiscing how Ahmed escorted him to school before being detained.
“He should be released so he can drop me off at school once again,” he continued, holding a placard emblazoned with the demand for his father’s release from Iranian prison.
